Leong Yew Koh

In this Chinese name, the family name is Leong (梁).

Yang Amat Berbahagia Major General Tun Leong Yew Koh SMN
梁宇皋
File:Leong Yew Koh.jpg
Minister of Justice
In office 12 September 1959 – 12 January 1963
Monarchs	Abdul Rahman Hisamuddin Putra
Prime Minister	Tunku Abdul Rahman
Preceded by	Suleiman Abdul Rahman
Succeeded by	Ismail Abdul Rahman
1st Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Malacca
In office 31 August 1957 – 30 August 1959
Chief Minister	Osman Talib Abdul Ghafar Baba
Preceded by	Office established
Succeeded by	Abdul Malek Yusuf
Personal details
Born	(1888-08-22)22 August 1888 Sungai Siput, Kuala Kangsar, Perak, Federated Malay States, British Malaya
Died	12 January 1963(1963-01-12) (aged 74) Petaling Jaya, Selangor, Federation of Malaya
Party	Malayan Chinese Association (MCA)
Spouse	Ho York Ling
Children	6
Residence(s)	British Malaya, Republic of China
Education	University of London
Occupation	MCA Secretary-General (1952–1957)

Leong Yew Koh (Chinese: 梁宇皋; pinyin: Liáng Yǔgāo; Jyutping: Loeng4 Jyu5 Gou1; 22 August 1888 – 12 January 1963) was a Malayan politician who served as the 1st Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Malacca from the independence of the Federation of Malaya in August 1957 to August 1959 and Minister of Health from 1955 to 1956, Minister of Health and Social Welfare from 1956 to 1957 and Minister of Justice from 1959 to his death in January 1963. Being a Kuomintang member himself and serving under the Republic of China government from 1932 and later become the leader of Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Army branch in Perak from 1942 until 1945, he is one of the founders of the Malayan Chinese Association (MCA) in 1949 and the party first secretary-general.

Early life and background

Born in Salak Utara, Sungai Siput, Kuala Kangsar, Perak on 22 August 1888, Leong was the son of Leong Yew Teen, a Chinese migrant tin miner of Cantonese descent, who was responsible for developing Salak Utara.

He went to Canton for his early education. At age 13, he came back to Malaya from China and studied in Anglo-Chinese School Ipoh and St Xavier's Institution, Penang. At age 16, he joined Tongmenghui Singapore.

He went to the University of London in 1908, studying economics, sociology, political science and law. He graduated in 1912 with an LLB.

Further career

Malayan bar

He was called to the bar in 1920 and served as an advocate and solicitor in the Federated Malay States (FMS) and was also a member of the FMS Bar Committee until his resignation in 1932.

Republic of China

In 1932, Leong returned to China and served the Chinese government as counsellor of the Ministry of Railways, legal adviser to the Executive Yuan, members of Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission, adviser to the Treaty Commission of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and inspector of China consulates in the Philippines, Dutch East Indies, Malaya and South Africa from 1935. He was also the senior commissioner for China in the Sino-British Joint Boundary Commission for the Investigation of the Southern Section of the Undelimited Yunnan-Burma Boundary from 1935 until 1937. He became counsellor to ambassador Chen Kung Po, the Chinese emissary to Rome in 1938. He then left the central government to join the Yunnan provincial government as development commissioner of the Second Frontier District of Yunnan.

War-time era

Resistance activities in Malaya

Through the ensuing Japanese Malayan campaign during the World War II, Leong is the leader of the Malayan Kuomintang-guerrilla branch of the Overseas Chinese Anti-Japanese Army (OCAJA) in Perak where the group controlled the upper portion of the Perak River Valley. After the war ended and subsequent Japanese surrender, a negotiation was held between him and the British Malayan authorities where he agreed for the OCAJA under his authority being absorbed into the national Special Constabulary in 1947 to fight alongside the British against the Communist-influenced Malayan National Liberation Army (MNLA).

Later and final years

Political career in Malaya

On 27 February 1949, Tan Cheng Lock founded the Malayan Chinese Association (MCA) along with Leong and Colonel H. S. Lee. Leong became the first Secretary-General of MCA.

He was appointed the Yang di-Pertua Negeri of Malacca on 31 August 1957, and served until 30 August 1959. In 1958, he was awarded a federal title of Tun, bestowed by DYMM Seri Paduka Baginda Yang di-Pertuan Agong of Malaya. He was then appointed the Justice Minister of Malaya in 1959. He died on 12 January 1963 in Petaling Jaya, Selangor.

He was the first and only Chinese to be appointed the Yang di-Pertua Negeri in any of the Malayan states.

Election results

Federal Legislative Council

Year	Constituency	Candidate		Votes	Pct	Opponent(s)		Votes	Pct	Ballots cast	Majority	Turnout
1955	Ipoh-Menglembu		Leong Yew Koh (MCA)	7,421	76.92%		Loh Ah Kee (NAP)	983	10.19%	9,651	6,438	82.70%
							D. R. Seenivasagam (PPP)	808	8.37%
							W. E. Balasingam (IND)	439	4.55%

Honour

Honour of Malaya

• Malaya
  • File:MY Darjah Yang Mulia Pangkuan Negara (Defender of the Realm) - SMN.svg Grand Commander of the Order of the Defender of the Realm (SMN) – Tun (1958)