Coordinates: 34°52′37″N 73°41′40″E / 34.876957°N 73.694485°E / 34.876957; 73.694485

Lake Saiful Muluk

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Lake Saiful Muluk
File:Lake SaifulMalook.jpeg
The lake is notable for its picturesque setting in the mountains of northern Pakistan
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LocationSaiful Muluk National Park, Kaghan Valley, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
CoordinatesLua error in Module:Coordinates at line 489: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Lake typeAlpine, glacial lake
Primary inflowsGlacial water
Primary outflowsStream (a tributary of Kunhar River)
Basin countriesPakistan
Surface area2.75 km2 (1.06 sq mi)
Max. depth113 ft (34 m)
Surface elevation3,224 metres (10,577 ft)[1]
SettlementsNaran

Saiful Muluk (Urdu: جھیل سیف الملوک) is a mountainous lake in northern Pakistan, located at the northern end of the Kaghan Valley, near the town of Naran in the Saiful Muluk National Park. At an elevation of 3,224 m (10,578 feet) above sea level, the lake is located above the tree line, and is one of the highest lakes in Pakistan.

Location

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File:Saif ul Malook Lake road.JPG
The road to the lake traverses the mountains of the Kaghan Valley

Saiful Muluk is located in the Mansehra District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north of Naran,[2][3] in the northern part of the Kaghan Valley. Malika Parbat, the highest peak in the valley is near the lake.[4]

The lake is accessible from the nearby town of Naran during the summer season but access during winter is limited, as heavy snowfall and landslides threaten to cutoff the lake from other regions.[citation needed]

Physical features

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Saiful Muluk was formed by glacial moraines that blocked the water of the stream passing through the valley.[5] The Kaghan Valley was formed in the greater Pleistocene Period dating back almost 300,000 years when the area was covered with ice. Rising temperatures and receding glaciers left a large depression where glaciers once stood. Melting water collected into the lake.[citation needed]

File:Saif-ul-Muluk Complete Panorama in Spring.jpg
Saiful Muluk panorama in spring

Ecology

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The lake has rich eco-diversity and holds many species of blue-green algae. Large brown trout are found in the lake, up to about seven kilograms.[6] About 26 species of vascular plant exist in the area, with Asteraceae the most commonly found species. Other species commonly found in the region are: Ranunculaceae, Compositae, Cruciferae, Gramineae, Apiaceae, Leguminosae, Scrophulariaceae and Polygonaceae.[citation needed]

Folklore

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The Lake Saiful Muluk is named after a legendary prince from the tale titled Saiful Muluk, later on put into poem form by the Sufi poet Mian Muhammad Bakhsh.[7] It tells the story of the Egyptian Prince Saiful Malook who fell in love with a fairy princess named Princess Badi ul-Jamal at the lake.[8][1]

The Story of Prince Saiful Maluk (Arabic: قِصَّة سَيْف الْمُلُوْك وَبَدِيْع الْجَمَال, romanized: Qiṣat Saif al-Mulūk wa Badīʿ al-Jamāl) is an Arabic fable, a story of love between a prince and a fairy. It is considered a later addition to the One Thousand and One Nights collection of Arabic fables,[9] and manuscripts of the story are dated to the 17th century.[10] In South Asia, the story was put into Punjabi verse by 19th-century poet and mystic Mian Muhammad Bakhsh. It has also been retold in numerous languages such as Balochi, Bengali,[11] English, Urdu and Punjabi.[12][13][14][15][16] Similarly, according to Turkish scholarship, the narrative is "widely known" in Turkey, Azerbaijan, Tatarstan, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Taranchi, and Bashkortostan.[17]

According to the folklore, Saiful Maluk (whose name means 'Sword of the Kings')[18] was a prince of Egypt. He had significant wealth which he had inherited from his forefathers. The treasure bore two seals: one depicting Saiful Maluk and the other depicting Badi-ul-Jamala[1] (also rendered as Bediülcemal). One night, Prince Saiful Maluk saw in a dream a lake and a fairy. He got up and went to tell his dream to his father, asking him about the place and the fairy. His father told him that he can't meet the fairy as she isn't human, unlike him. However, the longer the prince recollected his dream, the more he was overwhelmed with love for the fairy.[19][20][21][22]

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See also

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References

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  12. ^ Shackle, Christopher. “The Story of Sayf Al-Mulūk in South Asia.” Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society 17, no. 2 (2007): 115–29. http://www.jstor.org/stable/25188702.
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  18. ^ Marzolph, Ulrich; van Leewen, Richard. The Arabian Nights Encyclopedia. Vol. I. California: ABC-Clio. 2004. p. 658. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (e-book)
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  21. ^ Marzolph, Ulrich; van Leewen, Richard. The Arabian Nights Encyclopedia. Vol. I. California: ABC-Clio. 2004. pp. 362-364. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (e-book)
  22. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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