Kirada

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Kirada
King of the Kidarites
File:HUNNIC TRIBES, Kidarites Kirada Circa 340-345.jpg
File:Kirada monogram.jpg
A "Gadahara" (Gandhara) coin of Kirada (left) and its Kirada monogram (right) appearing under the arm of the ruler.
Obverse: Several names appears on the obverse, vertically

Right field: The name File:Gupta ashoka g.svgFile:Gupta girnar dd.svgFile:Gupta ashoka h.svgFile:Gupta ashoka r.svg Ga-ḍa-ha-ra appears vertically in the right field as a monogram (File:Gadahara monogram.jpg).
Middle field: This issue has the name Kirada (File:Gupta ashoka ki.jpgFile:Gupta allahabad r.svgFile:Gupta allahabad d.svg Ki-ra-da), vertically as a monogram (File:Kirada monogram.jpg) under the arm of the standing ruler.[1]

Left field: File:Gupta allahabad k.svgFile:Gupta ashoka p.svgFile:Gupta ashoka nn.svg Ka-pa-ṇa appears in the left field, meaning unknown.[2][3][4]
Reverse: Goddess Ardoxsho seated.
Kidarites
Reign335-345 CE[5]
PredecessorKipunada
SuccessorPeroz

Kirada (Brahmi: File:Gupta ashoka ki.jpgFile:Gupta allahabad r.svgFile:Gupta allahabad d.svg Ki-ra-da, ruled 335-345 CE),[5] is considered by modern scholarship as the first known ruler of the Kidarite Huns in the area of Gandhara in northwestern India,[6] possibly at the same time as another Kidarite ruler named Yosada.[5]

The name of Kirada name appears on numerous coins at the end of the Kushan Empire and the beginning of the rule of the Kidarite Huns in the area of Central and Western Punjab in India, in the period circa 340-345 CE.[4][7]

The name File:Gupta ashoka g.svgFile:Gupta girnar dd.svgFile:Gupta ashoka h.svgFile:Gupta ashoka r.svg Ga-ḍa-ha-ra (for the region of Gandhara)[8] appears vertically as a monogram (File:Gadahara monogram.jpg) in the right field of the coins of Kirada, as on some slightly earlier coins signed Samudragupta, or subsequent coins of other early Kidarite rulers named Yasada, Peroz and Kidara.[9] The appearance of the name Samudragupta may suggest some kind of suzerainty at a time in relation with the Gupta Empire.[9][10][4]

File:Kushano-Sasanian ruler Vahrām (Bahram) I Balkh mint Struck under Kidarite kings Yasada and Kirada, circa CE 340-345.jpg
Coin in the name of Kushano-Sasanian ruler Varahran I, struck under Kidarite kings Yasada and Kirada, circa CE 340-345. Kidarite tamga (File:Kidarite Tamga.png) to the right. Balkh mint.

The coins of Kirada would have followed those in the name of Samudragupta in Gandhara, and it is thought that Kirada was succeeded as Kidarite ruler by another Kidarite Peroz and then the famous Kidara.[11][12] Altogether they form the first coin issues after the reign of the last Kushan ruler Kipunada.[2]

Kirada also struck in Balkh coins in the name of the last Kushano-Sasanian ruler Varahran I Kushanshah circa CE 340-345, incorporating the Kidarite tamga (File:Kidarite Tamga.png) which replaced the nandipada which had been in use before the rise of the Kidarites.[13]

References

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  6. ^ "The first Kidarite king Kirada" in Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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  10. ^ "Gadahara. The last branch, in course of time, yielded to Samudragupta, as is borne out by certain coins of this branch having the name Samudra. There is a good deal of similarity between the coins of the Gadaharas and the Kidara Kushanas." in Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  11. ^ Khodadad Rezakhani affirms it as a settled fact now: "Kidara and a certain Peroz (previously called Peroz 3; Cribb 1990"), the first Kidarite authorities" in Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  12. ^ "In the Punjab the stylistic progression of the gold series from Kushan to Kidarite is clear: imitation staters were issued first in the name of Samudragupta, then by Kirada, 'Peroz' and finally Kidara" in Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  13. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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