John C. Calhoun II
John Caldwell Calhoun II | |
|---|---|
| File:John Caldwell Calhoun II (1843-1918) portrait.jpg Calhoun circa 1902 | |
| Born | John Caldwell Calhoun II July 9, 1843 |
| Died | December 18, 1918 (aged 75) |
| Occupations | Planter, businessman |
| Spouse | Lennie Adams |
| Children | 3 sons, 1 daughter |
| Parent(s) | Andrew Pickens Calhoun Margaret Green Calhoun |
| Relatives | Patrick Calhoun (brother) John C. Calhoun (paternal grandfather) |
_portrait.jpg){kind=link}
John Caldwell Calhoun II (1843–1918) was an American planter and businessman. He was a large landowner in Chicot County, Arkansas, and a director of railroad companies. He was a prominent financier and developer of the "New South".
Early life
[edit | edit source]He was born on July 9, 1843, in Demopolis, Alabama.[1] His father, Andrew Pickens Calhoun, was a planter.[1] He had a brother, Patrick Calhoun.[1] His paternal grandfather, John C. Calhoun, served as the Vice President of the United States from 1825 to 1832.[2][3]
He was educated in Demopolis, Alabama[1] and graduated from South Carolina College in 1863.[4]
During the American Civil War of 1861–1865, he served in the Confederate States Army (CSA).[1][2]
Career
[edit | edit source]In 1866, Calhoun entered in a partnership with James R. Powell, a businessman from Montgomery, Alabama, whereby he moved freedmen from the Southeast to Yazoo County, Mississippi, where they worked on new plantations.[1][2] A year later, he decided to do this on his own, and on a larger scale.[1][2] Over the years, he moved over 5,000 freedmen from North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Alabama to the Yazoo Valley of Mississippi.[1]
By 1869, Calhoun moved to the Florence Plantation in Chicot County, Arkansas, which was inherited by his wife through her mother.[2] By 1881–1882, he acquired a few more plantations in Chicot County: Harwood, Hebron, Luna, Fawnwood, Patria, Hyner's, and Latrobe.[2] He also acquired the Sunnyside Plantation from the Starling family for US$90,000.[2] He also acquired the Lakeport Plantation from his mother-in-law.[2] He established the Calhoun Land Company, the Florence Planting Company, and the Chicot Planting Company.[2] He teamed up with investors J. Baxter Upham of Boston and Austin Corbin of New York City.[2] However, due to heavy debt, by 1885, he let his brother divest of their Arkansas landholdings.[2]
Meanwhile, Calhoun moved to New York City, where he invested in the construction of Southern railways.[2] He served as on the Board of Directors of railroad companies.[3] He became the majority proprietor of the Baltimore Coal Mining and Railway Company.[1] He sued the United States Shipbuilding Company.[3]
Personal life
[edit | edit source]He married Linnie Adams on December 8, 1870, in Marengo County, Alabama.[2] She was the daughter of Betsy Johnson and grandniece of Richard Johnson, who served as the Vice President of the United States from 1837 to 1841.[2] They had three sons and one daughter.[1]
Death
[edit | edit source]He died on December 18, 1918, at his home 200 West Fifty-eighth Street, in Manhattan.[1][3] He was buried at the Saint Philips Episcopal Church Cemetery in Charleston, South Carolina.
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k John N. Ingham, Biographical Dictionary of American Business Leaders, Santa Barbara, California: Greenwood Publishing Group, Volume 1, 1983, pp. 124-125
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c d Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
[edit | edit source]- John C. Calhoun II at Find a GraveLua error in Module:WikidataCheck at line 29: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Lua error in Module:Authority_control at line 153: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).