Jeep train
A jeep train refers to a line of coupled railway vehicles hauled by a jeep fitted with railway wagon wheels instead of normal road wheels. World War II jeeps were converted from road vehicles into steel-wheeled rail switchers, shunters, light locomotives, speeders or draisines.[2] The phrase was also used for supply trains consisting of jeeps and for columns of jeeps linked together and pulled through bad ground by tractors, though not all sources use this term in the same way.
History
[edit | edit source]United States
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Adapting automobiles as gasoline railcars is recorded as early as 1912[4] and early publicity on Jeeps mentioned their potential use as an inspection car.[5] The USAAF in Australia used flanged-wheel jeeps as switchers in 1943, which led to testing as road-switchers for future operations in New Guinea. Perhaps the first large-scale use of jeep as locomotive was in the CBI theatre.[6] Eleven days after the Normandy landing, jeep speeders were in use on the continent, surveying lines for use or repair.[7] Postwar, jeep speeders were used as inspection cars, and jeep trains used for light service, including recreation. The Jeep train at Lewis and Clark Caverns claimed to be the shortest jeep railway.[8] Over time, hi-rail vehicles pushed dedicated speeders out of railroads; civilian jeeps were often used.
Australia
[edit | edit source]In Borneo in 1945, Australian soldiers converted jeeps to run on rails in order to compensate for the lack of locomotives on a narrow gauge railway line.[9]
United Kingdom
[edit | edit source]The United Kingdom used railworthy Jeeps during World War II especially in France, Germany, and Burma. Jeep trains were used extensively during the Malayan Emergency.
France
[edit | edit source]French forces used rail jeeps – "jeep draisines" – including armoured rail jeeps, in Indochina, and later in the Algerian war.
Loads and speeds
[edit | edit source]A jeep designed to draw 1,000 lb (450 kg) on the road could pull much greater loads on rails due to train wheels' lower rolling resistance. During Australian military operations in Borneo, jeeps hauled goods wagons with a payload of four tons of sand. In the Philippines, a jeep train hauled a total weight of 52 tons over a route 19 miles (31 km) long at a speed of 20 mph (32 km/h).
Military use
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Double-heading on a long jeep train
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American jeep train in Burma
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Jeep train on a portable turntable in Kimanis, Borneo
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General Wootten crosses the Bongowan river
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Kinarut station on the Jesselton to Papar railway
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British Jeep in France, 1945
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British jeeps south of Mandalay, Burma, 1945
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See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Truck 1/4 Ton 4x4 GS, jeep: Australian Army Military History Section.
- ^ Nevington War Museum: USA - Jeep Variants - Railway Jeeps.
- ^ Testing in Australia.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Boyd Sinclair: Running On Time In a Timeless Land: An elephant can be a locomotive and a tiger sometimes stopped a train.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Australian War Memorial, Reference No OG3138.
External links
[edit | edit source]- Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to Lua error in Module:Commons_link at line 62: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). at Wikimedia Commons
