Jebel Khalid
Jebel Khalid is an archaeological site in modern Syria. Australian excavations starting in 1986 discovered the remains of a Hellenistic, Seleucid town perhaps founded by Seleucus I Nicator.[1] The town flourished till around 70 BC and was then abandoned. The ancient name is not yet known for sure.[2] Due to the political situation in Syria the excavations stopped in 2010.
The city stretches along the Euphrates and is surrounded by a wall, about 3.4 km long. Within the city wall are the remains of a governor's palace, a temple of the Amphiprostyle type [3] and a palaestra. One insula was completely excavated.[4] A second insula was partly uncovered. Outside the town wall were found the cemeteries of the inhabitants.[5]
The governor's palace was built in the early stages of the city's history, in the 3rd century BC. It consists of a Doric peristyle courtyard surrounded by various rooms. The excavators assume that these rooms were most likely used as audience, banquet and storage rooms as well as kitchens, but this is not entirely certain – the north wing, for example, has also been interpreted as a residential area.[6]
It is unknown which name Jebel Khalid bore in antiquity. Researchers have discussed as possibilities the place names Amphipolis[7] and Thapsacus,[8] both of which are known from written sources.
Bibliography
[edit | edit source]Excavation reports
- G.W. Clarke: Jebel Khalid on the Euphrates: Report on Excavations 1986–1996, Eisenbrauns 2002, Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Heather Jackson: Jebel Khalid on the Euphrates. Volume 2, The terracotta figurines, Sydney: MEDITARCH, 2002, Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Heather Jackson: Jebel Khalid on the Euphrates, Volume 3: The Pottery, Sydney: MEDITARCH, 2011, Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Heather Jackson: Jebel Khalid on the Euphrates, Volume 4, The housing insula, Sydney: MEDITARCH, 2014, Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- G. Clarke, H. Jackson, C. E. V. Nixon, J. Tidmarsh, K. Wesselingh and L. Cougle-Jose: Jebel Khalid on the Euphrates, Volume 5: Report on Excavations 2000–2010. Mediterranean Archaeology supplement, 10. Sydney: MEDITARCH Publications; Sydney University Press, 2016, Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
Further literature
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Graeme Clarke & Heather Jackson: can the mute Stones speak ? Evaluating cultural and ethnic identities from archaeological remains: the case of Hellenistic Jebel Khalid* online
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Graeme Clarke: The Jebel Khalid Temple, in Mediterranean Archaeology, 2006/07, Vol. 19/20, pp. 133–139.
- ^ Heather Jackson: Jebel Khalid on the Euphrates, Volume 4, The housing insula, Sydney: MEDITARCH, 2014,
- ^ G. W. Clarke: The Governor’s Palace, Acropolis, in: G. W. Clarke: Jebel Khalid on the Euphrates: Report on Excavations 1986–1996, pp. 25–48.
- ^ Publication of the excavation results: G. W. Clarke: The Governor’s Palace, Acropolis, in: G. W. Clarke: Jebel Khalid on the Euphrates: Report on Excavations 1986–1996, pp. 25–48. Further analysis: Kramer 2019, pp. 139–141.
- ^ See G.W. Clarke et al. (eds.), Jebel Khalid on the Euphrates. Report on Excavations 1986-1996, vol. 1, Sydney 2002.
- ^ Kramer 2019, p. 144.
External links
[edit | edit source]
- The Jebel Khalid archives maintained at the University of Melbourne
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