Islamic Republican Party

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Islamic Republican Party
حزب جمهوری اسلامی
Historic leaderRuhollah Khomeini
FoundersAli Khamenei[1]
Mohammad Beheshti[1]
... and others
Founded17 February 1979 (1979-02-17)[2]
Dissolved1 June 1987 (1987-06-01)[2]
HeadquartersTehran, Iran[3]
NewspaperJomhouri-e Eslami[4]
Paramilitary wingRevolutionary Guards[5]
Trade unionWorkers' House
Membership2.5 million (1979 est.)[6]
IdeologyKhomeinism[7]
Factions:
Political positionBig tent[10]
ReligionShia Islam
Electoral allianceIslamic Coalition (1979)[11]
Grand Coalition (1980)[12]
Slogan"One nation, one religion, one order, one leader"[4]

The Islamic Republican Party (IRP; Persian: حزب جمهوری اسلامی, romanized: Ḥezb-e Jomhūrī-e Eslāmī, also translated Islamic Republic Party) was formed in 1979 to assist the Iranian Revolution and Ayatollah Khomeini in their goal to establish theocracy in Iran. It was disbanded in 1987 due to internal conflicts.

Founders and characteristics

[edit | edit source]

The party was formed just two weeks following the revolution upon the request of Ayatollah Khomeini.[13] Five cofounders of the party were Mohammad Javad Bahonar, Mohammad Beheshti, Akbar Hashemi Rafsanjani, Ali Khamenei, and Abdolkarim Mousavi-Ardabili.[13][1] Early members of the central committee of the party, in addition to founding members, were Hassan Ayat, Asadollah Badamchiyan, Abdullah Jasbi, Mir Hossein Mousavi, Habibollah Askar Oladi, Sayyed Mahmoud Kashani, Mahdi Araghi, and Ali Derakhshan.[1] The party had three general secretaries: Beheshti, Bahonar and Khamenei.[1]

The party has been said to be distinguished by "its strong clerical component, its loyalty to Khomeini, its strong animosity to the liberal political movements, and its tendency to support the revolutionary organizations", such as the komiteh. Policies it supported included the state takeover of large capital enterprises, the establishment of an Islamic cultural and university system, and programs to assist the poor.[14] These revolutionary ayatollahs originally used the party to form a monopoly over the post-revolutionary theocratic Iranian state. In its struggle with civilian opponents, the party made use of its ties to the Revolutionary Guards and Hezbollah.

Secretaries-general

[edit | edit source]
Name Tenure Ref
Mohammad Beheshti 1979–1981 [1]
Mohammad Javad Bahonar 1981 [1]
Ali Khamenei 1981–1987 [1]

Causes of its dissolution

[edit | edit source]
File:President Ali Khamenei meet Non-Iranian Hawza students - Office of the Islamic Republican Party in Qom.jpg
Ali Khamenei at the party's office in Qom, 1983

In the late 1980s, factionalism in the IRP intensified, the major issues being the Iran-Iraq War, whether to open up to foreign countries or remain isolated, and economic policies. Because all rival parties had been banned, the party "did almost nothing and had little incentive to."[15] According to Ahmad Mneisi,

"While unanimous on the idea of a theological state and united under the umbrella of one party, the Islamic Republican Party (IRP), [the religious right] differed on a number of issues, such as the extent to which religion is to take hold of political life (the Velayat-e Faqih debate).[16]

Daniel Brumberg argued that the IRP was dissolved to weaken popular Prime Minister Mir-Hossein Mousavi, as the party had become a stronghold of radical activism backing him in his dispute with President Ali Khamenei.[17] Another report states that it was dissolved in May 1987 due to internal conflicts,[1][18] and the party was disbanded upon joint proposal of Rafsanjani and Khamenei on 2 May 1987 when their proposal was endorsed by Khomeini.[13]

1983 congress

[edit | edit source]

The party held its first congress in May 1983 and the members elected the 30-members central council as follows:[19]

Allied organizations

[edit | edit source]

The following organizations formed an alliance with the party:[20]

Electoral history

[edit | edit source]

Presidential elections

[edit | edit source]
Election Main candidate Votes % Result
1980 Hassan Habibi 674,859 3.35 3rd
1981, July Mohammad-Ali Rajai 12,779,050 87.69 1st
1981, October Ali Khamenei 16,007,072 95.01 1st
1985 Ali Khamenei 12,203,870 87.90 1st

Parliamentary elections

[edit | edit source]
Election Party leader Seats +/– Position
1980 Mohammad Beheshti
85 / 270
 — 1st
1984 Ali Khamenei
130 / 270
 Increase 45 1st

See also

[edit | edit source]

References

[edit | edit source]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  2. ^ a b c d Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  3. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  5. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  6. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  7. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  8. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  9. ^ a b Abrahamian, Khomeinism, 1993: pp. 33–36.
  10. ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  11. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  12. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  13. ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  14. ^ Bakhash, Reign of the Ayatollahs, (1984), p. 67
  15. ^ Keddie, Nikkie, Modern Iran, 2003, pp. 259-60
  16. ^ Mneisi, Ahmad. 2004. The Power shift within Iran's right wing Ahram, 5 July 2004
  17. ^ Brumberg, Daniel, Reinventing Khomeini : The Struggle for Reform in Iran, University of Chicago Press, 2001, p. 134
  18. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  19. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  20. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).

Lua error in Module:Authority_control at line 153: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).

Retrieved from "http://70.231.62.181/index.php?title=Islamic_Republican_Party&oldid=8633140"