High tech
High technology (high tech or high-tech), also known as advanced technology (advanced tech)[1] is technology that is at the cutting edge: the highest form of technology available.[2] It can be defined as either the most complex or the newest technology on the market.[3] The opposite of high tech is low technology, referring to simple, often traditional or mechanical technology. When high tech gets old, it becomes low tech, for example vacuum tube electronics. Further, high tech is related to the concept of mid-tech, that is a balance between the two opposite extreme qualities of low-tech and high tech. Mid-tech could be understood as an inclusive middle that combines the efficiency and versatility of digital/automated technology with low-tech's potential for autonomy and resilience.[4]
Startups working on high technologies (or developing new high technologies) are sometimes referred to as deep tech; the term may also refer to disruptive innovations or those based on scientific discoveries.[5]
High tech, as opposed to high-touch, may refer to self-service experiences that do not require human interaction.[6]
History
[edit | edit source]The phrase was used in a 1958 The New York Times story advocating "atomic energy" for Europe: "... Western Europe, with its dense population and its high technology ...."[7] Robert Metz used the term in a financial column in 1969, saying Arthur H. Collins of Collins Radio "controls a score of high technology patents in a variety of fields"[8] and in a 1971 article used the abbreviated form, "high tech".[9]
A widely used classification of high-technological industries was provided by the OECD in 2006.[10] It is based on the intensity of research and development activities used in these industries within OECD countries, resulting in four distinct categories.[11]
In the 21st century, the high tech industry is a significant part of several advanced economies.[12] The Israeli economy has the highest ratio in the world, with the high tech sector accounting for 20% of the economy. High tech makes up 9.3% of the American economy according to Statista[13] and CTech.[14]
Ranking of startup ecosystems
[edit | edit source]Multiple cities and hubs have been described as global startup ecosystems. GSER publishes a yearly ranking of global startup ecosystems.[15][16] The study does yearly reports ranking the top 40 global startup hubs.[17]
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List of countries by high tech exports
[edit | edit source]The following is a list of the 15 largest exporting countries of high tech products by value in billions of United States dollars, according to the United Nations.[18]
| # | Country | Value (billions) | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg China | 825 | 2023 |
| 2 | File:Flag of Hong Kong.svg Hong Kong | 369 | 2023 |
| 3 | Error creating thumbnail: Germany | 255 | 2023 |
| 4 | File:Flag of the United States.svg United States | 232 | 2024 |
| 5 | File:Flag of Singapore.svg Singapore | 197 | 2023 |
| 6 | File:Flag of South Korea.svg South Korea | 163 | 2023 |
| 7 | File:Flag of Vietnam.svg Vietnam | 135 | 2022 |
| 8 | File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia | 127 | 2023 |
| 9 | File:Flag of France.svg France | 115 | 2023 |
| 10 | File:Flag of the Netherlands.svg Netherlands | 110 | 2023 |
| 11 | File:Flag of Japan.svg Japan | 102 | 2024 |
| 12 | File:Flag of Ireland.svg Ireland | 91 | 2023 |
| 13 | File:Flag of Switzerland (Pantone).svg Switzerland | 89 | 2024 |
| 14 | File:Flag of the United Kingdom.svg United Kingdom | 82 | 2023 |
| 15 | File:Flag of Mexico.svg Mexico | 81 | 2023 |
See also
[edit | edit source]
- Electronics
- Electronics industry
- Photonics industry
- Nuclear technology
- Quantum technology
- Intermediate technology – sometimes used to mean technology between low and high technology
- Industrial design
- List of emerging technologies
- Semiconductor industry
- Big Tech
- Innovation
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Advanced technology definition
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- ^ "Atomic Power for Europe", The New York Times, February 4, 1958, p. 17.
- ^ Metz, Robert (1969). "Market Place: Collins Versus The Middle Man", The New York Times, April 24, 1969, p. 64.
- ^ Metz, Robert (1971). "Market Place: So What Made E.D.S. Plunge?", The New York Times, November 11, 1971, p. 72.
- ^ Hatzichronoglou, Thomas: "Revision of the High-Technology Sector and Product Classification", OECD Science, Technology and Industry Working Papers, No. 1997/02, OECD Publishing, Paris.
- ^ High Tech Trademarks by John Mendenhall, Art Direction Book Co; First Edition (January 1, 1985) Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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