Higashimatsushima
Higashi-Matsushima City
東松島市 | |
|---|---|
 Higashi-Matsushima City Hall | |
 Flag  Seal | |
 Location of Higashi-Matsushima in Miyagi Prefecture | |
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| Country | Japan |
| Region | Tōhoku |
| Prefecture | Miyagi |
| Government | |
| • Mayor | Iwao Atsumi |
| Area | |
• Total | 101.36 km2 (39.14 sq mi) |
| Population (October 10, 2020) | |
• Total | 39,098 |
| • Density | 385.73/km2 (999.05/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+9 (Japan Standard Time) |
| Phone number | 0225-82-1111 |
| Address | 36-1 Kamikawado, Yamoto, Higashimatsushima-shi, Miyagi-ken 981-0503 |
| Climate | Cfa |
| Website | Official website (in Japanese) |
| Symbols | |
| Flower | Sakura |
| Tree | Pine |
Higashi-Matsushima (東松島市, Higashimatsushima-shi) is a city located in Miyagi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 June 2020[update], the city had an estimated population of 39,580 in 16102 households,[1] and a population density of 390 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 101.36 square kilometres (39.14 sq mi).
Geography
[edit | edit source]Higashi-Matsushima (lit. "East Matsushima") is in eastern Miyagi Prefecture in the Tōhoku region of northern Honshu. The city borders on Matsushima Bay to the west, and the Pacific Ocean (Ishinomaki Bay) to the south. Its coastline forms part of the Sanriku Fukkō National Park, which stretches north to Aomori Prefecture.
Neighboring municipalities
[edit | edit source]Miyagi Prefecture
Climate
[edit | edit source]Higashi-Matsushima has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classification Cfa) characterized by mild summers and cold winters. The average annual temperature in Higashi-Matsushima is 12.2 °C (54.0 °F). The average annual rainfall is 1,191 millimetres (46.9 in) with September as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 24.6 °C (76.3 °F), and lowest in January, at around 0.8 °C (33.4 °F).[2]
| Climate data for Higashimatsushima (2011−2020 normals, extremes 2011−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 12.5 (54.5) |
19.6 (67.3) |
21.6 (70.9) |
29.7 (85.5) |
30.7 (87.3) |
31.4 (88.5) |
34.9 (94.8) |
35.8 (96.4) |
33.2 (91.8) |
28.7 (83.7) |
21.9 (71.4) |
16.6 (61.9) |
35.8 (96.4) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 5.0 (41.0) |
5.9 (42.6) |
10.5 (50.9) |
15.1 (59.2) |
20.6 (69.1) |
23.1 (73.6) |
26.7 (80.1) |
28.8 (83.8) |
25.5 (77.9) |
19.9 (67.8) |
13.7 (56.7) |
7.4 (45.3) |
16.9 (62.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 0.8 (33.4) |
1.3 (34.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
9.8 (49.6) |
15.6 (60.1) |
19.1 (66.4) |
22.8 (73.0) |
24.6 (76.3) |
21.0 (69.8) |
14.8 (58.6) |
8.4 (47.1) |
2.9 (37.2) |
12.2 (53.9) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −3.4 (25.9) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
−0.3 (31.5) |
4.2 (39.6) |
11.3 (52.3) |
15.9 (60.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
21.3 (70.3) |
17.0 (62.6) |
9.7 (49.5) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
7.9 (46.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.0 (8.6) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
−6.6 (20.1) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
3.7 (38.7) |
8.9 (48.0) |
13.8 (56.8) |
13.3 (55.9) |
7.2 (45.0) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−4.6 (23.7) |
−9.9 (14.2) |
−13.3 (8.1) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 34.1 (1.34) |
25.1 (0.99) |
79.1 (3.11) |
97.1 (3.82) |
94.3 (3.71) |
100.7 (3.96) |
135.1 (5.32) |
118.6 (4.67) |
157.5 (6.20) |
147.6 (5.81) |
48.0 (1.89) |
43.3 (1.70) |
1,089.4 (42.89) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 4.8 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 8.3 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 11.5 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 8.2 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 95.9 |
| Source: Japan Meteorological Agency[3][2] | |||||||||||||
Demographics
[edit | edit source]Per Japanese census data,[4] the population of Higashi-Matsushima has been mostly increasing over the past 40 years.
| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1920 | 19,142 | — |
| 1930 | 21,862 | +14.2% |
| 1940 | 23,423 | +7.1% |
| 1950 | 37,363 | +59.5% |
| 1960 | 33,654 | −9.9% |
| 1970 | 32,192 | −4.3% |
| 1980 | 36,865 | +14.5% |
| 1990 | 40,424 | +9.7% |
| 2000 | 43,180 | +6.8% |
| 2010 | 42,903 | −0.6% |
| 2020 | 39,098 | −8.9% |
History
[edit | edit source]The area of present-day Higashi-Matsushima was part of ancient Mutsu Province, and has been settled since at least the Jōmon period by the Emishi people. During the Nara period, the area came under the control of colonists from the imperial dynasty based at nearby Tagajō. During the Sengoku period, the area was contested by various samurai clans before the area came under the control of the Date clan of Sendai Domain during the Edo period. Following the Meiji restoration, the area was organized into Monō District, Miyagi Prefecture. The town of Yamoto was created on April 1, 1940 and the town of Naruse on May 3, 1955.
The city of Higashi-Matsushima was created on April 1, 2005, when the towns of Naruse and Yamoto were merged.
2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami
[edit | edit source]
On March 11, 2011, Higashi-Matsushima was severely hit by the 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami resulting in at least 1,039 deaths,[5] and the destruction of over 11,000 structures, or approximately two-thirds of the buildings in the city limits. During the tsunami, a 45-metre ship, the Chōkai Maru, was hurled over a pier and left aground in the city. At the time of the disaster, Higashi-Matsushima had still not fully recovered from a previous major earthquake in 2003.[6][7] About 63% of the town was inundated by the tsunami.[8]
Government
[edit | edit source]Higashi-Matsushima has a mayor-council form of government with a directly elected mayor and a unicameral city legislature of 18 members. Higashi-Matsushima contributes one seat to the Miyagi Prefectural legislature. In terms of national politics, the city is part of Miyagi 5th district of the lower house of the Diet of Japan.
Economy
[edit | edit source]Higashi-Matsushima traditionally has been a center for commercial fishing, especially for the cultivation of oysters and on tourism. The Japan Air Self Defense Force’s Matsushima Air Field is located in Higashi-Matsushima.
Education
[edit | edit source]Higashi-Matsushima has eight public elementary schools and three middle schools operated by the city government, and two public high school operated by the Miyagi Prefectural Board of Education.
Transportation
[edit | edit source]Railway
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East Japan Railway Company (JR East) - Senseki Line
- Rikuzen-Ōtsuka - Tōna - Nobiru - Rikuzen-Ono - Kazuma - Yamoto - Higashi-Yamoto - Rikuzen-Akai
Highway
[edit | edit source]
Sanriku Expressway (Naruse-Okumatsushima, Yamoto, and Ishinomaki interchanges)
National Route 45
Local attractions
[edit | edit source]- Satohama shell mound, National Historic Site[9]
Noted people from Higashi-Matsushima
[edit | edit source]- Yutaka Abe, actor, movie director
- Rina Gonoi, judoka and former Ground Self-Defense Force officer
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Higashimatsushima city official statistics Archived 2020-06-09 at the Wayback Machine(in Japanese)
- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Higashi-Matsushima population statistics
- ^ NOAA Data 2 April 2011
- ^ Tsunami survivors face monstrous cleanup task, Japan Times, 26 March 2011
- ^ Gilhooly, Rob, "Tsunami-hit towns face dire future", Japan Times, 1 April 2011, p. 4.
- ^ NHK, "Tsunami flooded 100 square kilometers of city land", 29 March 2011.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
[edit | edit source]- Official website (in Japanese)
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