Hebrews 3
| Hebrews 3 | |
|---|---|
| File:Papyrus13.jpg Epistle to the Hebrews 2:14-5:5; 10:8-22; 10:29-11:13; 11:28-12:17 in Papyrus 13 (AD. 225-250). | |
| Book | Epistle to the Hebrews |
| Category | General epistles |
| Christian Bible part | New Testament |
| Order in the Christian part | 19 |
Hebrews 3 is the third chapter of the Epistle to the Hebrews in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. The author is anonymous, although the internal reference to "our brother Timothy" (Hebrews 13:23) causes a traditional attribution to Paul, but this attribution has been disputed since the second century and there is no decisive evidence for the authorship.[1][2] This chapter contains the comparison of Moses to Jesus ('the Son'), as well as the application and warning for the congregation.[3][4]
Text
[edit | edit source]The original text was written in Koine Greek. This chapter is divided into 19 verses.
Textual witnesses
[edit | edit source]Some early manuscripts containing the text of this chapter are:
- Papyrus 46 (c. 175–225; complete)[5]
- Papyrus 13 (225-250; complete)[5]
- Codex Vaticanus (325-350)
- Codex Sinaiticus (330-360)
- Codex Alexandrinus (400-440)
- Codex Ephraemi Rescriptus (~450; complete)
- Codex Freerianus (~450; extant verse 4–6, 14–16)
- Codex Claromontanus (~550)
- Codex Coislinianus (~550; extant verse 13–18)
- Papyrus 116 (6th century; extant verse 3–6)
Old Testament references
[edit | edit source]- Hebrews 3:2: 1 Samuel 12:6[6]
- Hebrews 3:7–11: Psalm 95:7–11[7][6]
- Hebrews 3:15: Psalm 95:7,8[7]
- Hebrews 3:18: Psalm 95:7–11[7]
Moses and Jesus as Examples of Faith (3:1–6)
[edit | edit source]The faithfulness of Jesus to God as the one who appointed him is paralleled with the faithfulness of Moses, inviting us to completely trust Jesus.[8]
Verse 1
[edit | edit source]- Therefore, holy brethren, partakers of the heavenly calling, consider the Apostle and High Priest of our confession, Christ Jesus,[9]
- "Holy brethren": or "holy brothers" suggests a family relationship between true believers, both men and women, as 'pilgrims' who share in the heavenly calling to reign with Jesus Christ in 'the world to come' (2:5).[8]
Verse 2
[edit | edit source]- who was faithful to Him who appointed Him, as Moses also was faithful in all His house.[10]
Moses' foundational role as the revealer of God's will to Israel (Numbers 12:7) is highlighted.[8]
Verse 3
[edit | edit source]- For this One has been counted worthy of more glory than Moses, inasmuch as He who built the house has more honor than the house.[11]
- "The house": is rendered in Arabic version "the temple", may refer to Zechariah 6:12–13 pointing to Christ who is the builder, foundation, and cornerstone of "the church", from where he has a glory.[12]
A call to faithfulness (3:7–19)
[edit | edit source]The Holy Spirit, who is acknowledged as the one spoken 'through David' in Psalm 95 (3:7; 4:7), continues to speak to generations of Christians and warn them to 'make each day a fresh 'Today' to hear his voice and live'.[8]
Verse 13
[edit | edit source]- But exhort one another daily, while it is called “Today,” lest any of you be hardened through the deceitfulness of sin.[13]
- "While it is called "Today": that is, 'while the "to-day" lasts', referring to "the day of grace" (Luke 4:21, before the arrival of the day of glory and judgment at Christ's second coming (Hebrews 10:25, 37).[14]
See also
[edit | edit source]- Angel
- High priest
- Jesus Christ
- Moses
- Related Bible parts: Numbers 12, Numbers 14, Numbers 32, Deuteronomy 1, Deuteronomy 2, Psalm 95, Zechariah 6
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Attridge 2007, p. 1236.
- ^ deSilva 2005, p. 201.
- ^ Attridge 2007, pp. 1240–1.
- ^ deSilva 2005, p. 203.
- ^ a b deSilva 2005, p. 202.
- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c d Peterson 1994, p. 1329.
- ^ Hebrews 3:1 NKJV
- ^ Hebrews 3:2 NKJV
- ^ Hebrews 3:3 NKJV
- ^ Gill, John. Exposition of the Entire Bible - Hebrews 3:3
- ^ Hebrews 3:13 Modern English Version
- ^ Jamieson, Robert; Fausset, Andrew Robert; Brown, David. Jamieson, Fausset, and Brown's Commentary On the Whole Bible. "Hebrews 3". 1871.
Sources
[edit | edit source]- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
[edit | edit source]- Hebrews 3 King James Bible - Wikisource
- English Translation with Parallel Latin Vulgate
- Online Bible at GospelHall.org (ESV, KJV, Darby, American Standard Version, Bible in Basic English)
- Multiple bible versions at Bible Gateway (NKJV, NIV, NRSV etc.)