Gamma Ophiuchi

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γ Ophiuchi
Location of γ Ophiuchi (circled)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Ophiuchus
Right ascension 17h 47m 53.55973s[1]
Declination +02° 42′ 26.2000″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) +3.753[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type A0 V[3] or A1VnkA0mA0[4]
U−B color index +0.040[2]
B−V color index +0.033[2]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−7.6±0.3[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −24.64[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −74.42[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)31.73±0.21 mas[1]
Distance102.8 ± 0.7 ly
(31.5 ± 0.2 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)+1.26[5]
Details
Mass2.9[3] M☉
Radius2.01±0.02[6] R☉
Luminosity24.5±0.5[6] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)4.03[4] cgs
Temperature9,070±100[6] K
Rotational velocity (v sin i)220[7] km/s
Age184+93
−134[7] Myr
Other designations
Bake-eo, Bake Eo, γ Oph, 62 Ophiuchi, BD+02 3403, FK5 668, GC 24162, HD 161868, HIP 87108, HR 6629, SAO 122754[8]
Database references
SIMBADdata

Gamma Ophiuchi, Latinized from γ Ophiuchi, also named Bake-eo,[9] is a fourth-magnitude star in the constellation Ophiuchus. Together with Beta Ophiuchi, it forms the serpent-holder's right shoulder.[10] The star is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of +3.75.[2] Based upon an annual parallax shift of 31.73 mas as seen from Earth, it is located 103 light-years from the Sun. It is moving closer to the Sun with a radial velocity of −7.6 km/s.[5]

Nomenclature

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This star is known also as Muliphen,[11][12] although at least two more stars are known with this name: Gamma Canis Majoris (often spelled as Muliphein) and Gamma Centauri (often spelled as Muhlifain).[12] Muliphein is the IAU-approved name of Gamma Canis Majoris.[9]

This star has the Marshallese name Bake-eo (or Bake Eo, pronounced "bakey-yew"), which refers to the spondylus mussel. The IAU Working Group on Star Names approved the name Bake-eo for this star on 20 August 2024 and it is now so entered in the IAU Catalog of Star Names.[9]

In Chinese astronomy, β Ophiuchi and γ Ophiuchi form the asterism Zongzheng (宗正),[13] which was transliterated as Tsung Ching by R. H. Allen.[11]

Description

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Image of the debris disk from the REASONS survey[6]

This is an A-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of A0 V.[3] Gray et al. (2003) lists a classification of A1VnkA0mA0,[4] indicating it is of type A1 V with the calcium K-line and metallic lines of an A0 star. It is approximately 184[7] million years old and is spinning rapidly with a projected rotational velocity of 220 km/s.[7] Gamma Ophiuchi has nearly three times the mass of the Sun and 1.8 times the Sun's radius.[14] The star shines with 29[3] times the luminosity of the Sun, which is being emitted from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 9506 K.[3] It is radiating an excess emission of infrared, suggesting the presence of a circumstellar disk of dust at an orbital radius of 64 AU from the host star.[3] The disk was imaged in 2025.[6]

The Gamma Ophiuchi planetary system[6]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
circumstellar disc 124+6
−5 AU 		68±2° —

References

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