Finno-Permic languages
| Finno-Permic | |
|---|---|
| Finnic | |
| (proposed) | |
| Geographic distribution | Northern Fennoscandia, Baltic states, Southwestern, Southeastern, and Ural region of Russia |
| Ethnicity | Finnic peoples |
| Linguistic classification | Uralic
|
| Subdivisions | |
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | None |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| File:Finno-Permic Languages0.png The Finno-Permic languages | |
The Finno-Permic or Finno-Permian languages, sometimes just Finnic languages, are a proposed subdivision of the Uralic languages which comprise the Balto-Finnic languages, Sámi languages, Mordvinic languages, Mari language, Permic languages and likely a number of extinct languages. In the traditional taxonomy of the Uralic languages, Finno-Permic is estimated to have split from Finno-Ugric around 3000–2500 BC, and branched into Permic languages and Finno-Volgaic languages around 2000 BC.[1] Nowadays the validity of the group as a taxonomical entity is being questioned, and the interrelationships of its five branches are debated with little consensus.[2][3]
The term Finnic languages has often been used to designate all the Finno-Permic languages, with the term Balto-Finnic used to disambiguate the Finnic languages proper.[4][1] However, in many works, Finnic refers to the Baltic-Finnic languages alone.[5][6]
Subclassification
[edit | edit source]The subclassification of the Finno-Permic languages varies among scholars. During the 20th century, most classifications treated Permic vs Finno-Volgaic as the primary division. In the 21st century, Tapani Salminen rejected Finno-Permic and Finno-Volgaic entirely.[7] Other classifications treat the five branches of Finno-Permic as follows.
| Janhunen (2009)[8] | Häkkinen (2007)[9] | Lehtinen (2007)[10] | Michalove (2002)[11] | Kulonen (2002)[12] |
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See also
[edit | edit source]References
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- ^ Michalove, Peter A. (2002) The Classification of the Uralic Languages: Lexical Evidence from Finno-Ugric. In: Finnisch-Ugrische Forschungen, vol. 57
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Further reading
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