Exercise mimetic

Various exercise mimetics and their effects on pathways also affected by exercise

An exercise mimetic is a drug that mimics some of the biological effects of physical exercise. Exercise is known to have an effect in preventing, treating, or ameliorating the effects of a variety of serious illnesses, including cancer, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and psychiatric and neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. As of 2021, no drug is known to have the same benefits.

Known biological targets affected by exercise have also been targets of drug discovery, with limited results. These known targets include:

Targets	Drug candidates
irisin
brain-derived neurotrophic factor
interleukin-6
peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta	GW501516
PPAR gamma coactivator 1-alpha
estrogen-related receptor γ/α	GSK4716 SLU-PP-332
NFE2L2
Canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) proteins
Myostatin	myostatin inhibitors

The majority of the effect of exercise in reducing cardiovascular and all-cause mortality cannot be explained via improvements in quantifiable risk factors, such as blood cholesterol. This further increases the challenge of developing an effective exercise mimetic. Moreover, even if a broad spectrum exercise mimetic were invented, it is not necessarily the case that its public health effects would be superior to interventions to increase exercise in the population.