Eudaminae
| Eudaminae | |
|---|---|
| File:Brown longtail (Urbanus procne) (2).jpg | |
| Brown longtail (Urbanus procne) | |
| File:Eudaminae.jpg | |
| Typical resting positions | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Hesperiidae |
| Subfamily: | Eudaminae Mabille, 1877 |
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The Eudaminae are a subfamily of skipper butterflies (family Hesperiidae). Their original type genus Eudamus is today a junior synonym of Urbanus. They are largely found in the Neotropics, with some extending into temperate North America, and one genus, Lobocla, endemic to East Asia.[1] Some species in several genera are commonly known as flashers.
Taxonomy
[edit | edit source]The Eudaminae have been recent subject to significant taxonomic revisions based on genome analysis, including by Brower & Warren 2009,[1] and Li et al. 2019.[2]
Historically, the subfamily has been included as tribe Eudamini in subfamily Pyrginae, based on perceived similarities with two of the tribes in that subfamily, the Celaenorrhinini and Pyrgini. As of Li et al. 2019, the Eudaminae are divided into four tribes: Entheini, Phocidini, Eudamini[a] and Oileidini.[b][2]
Current status and subdivisions
[edit | edit source]Except where otherwise noted, the classification below follows Li et al., 2019:[2]
Tribe Entheini
[edit | edit source]- Drephalys Watson, 1893
- Udranomia A. Butler, 1870
- Phanus Hübner, [1819]
- Hyalothyrus Mabille, 1878
- Entheus Hübner, [1819]
- Augiades Hübner, [1819]
- Tarsoctenus E. Watson, 1893
Tribe Phocidini
[edit | edit source]- Phocides Hübner, [1819]
- Pseudonascus Austin, 2008
- Nascus E. Watson, 1893
- Aurina Evans, 1937
- Emmelus O. Mielke & Casagrande, 2016
- Porphyrogenes E. Watson, 1893
- Nicephellus Austin, 2008
- Salatis Evans, 1952
- Salantoia Grishin, 2019
- Sarmientoia Berg, 1897
- Bungalotis E. Watson, 1893
- Euriphellus Austin, 2008
- Dyscophellus Godman & Salvin, 1893
- Phareas Westwood, 1852
- Ornilius Grishin, 2022[3]
- Fulvatis Grishin, 2022[3]
- Adina Grishin, 2022[3]
Tribe Eudamini
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Eudamina
[edit | edit source]- Cecropterus Herrich-Schäffer, 1869
- Spicauda Grishin, 2019
- Urbanus Hübner, [1807]
- Telegonus Hübner, [1819]
- Autochton Hübner, 1823
- Spathilepia A. Butler, 1870
- Astraptes Hübner, [1819]
- Narcosius Steinhauser, 1986
- Proteides Hübner, [1819]
- Epargyreus Hübner, [1819]
- Chioides Lindsey, 1921
Subtribe Loboclina
[edit | edit source]- Aguna R. Williams, 1927
- Zeutus Grishin, 2019
- Lobocla Moore, 1884
- Lobotractus Grishin, 2019
- Codatractus Lindsey, 1921
- Zestusa Lindsey, 1925
- Ridens Evans, 1952
- Venada Evans, 1952
Subtribe Cephisina
[edit | edit source]- Cephise Evans, 1952
Subtribe Telemiadina
[edit | edit source]- Ectomis Mabille, 1878
- Telemiades Hübner, [1819]
- Polygonus Hübner, [1825]
Tribe Oileidini
[edit | edit source]Subtribe Oileidina
[edit | edit source]- Flattoides Grishin, 2019
- Oileides Hübner, [1825]
Subtribe Typhedanina
[edit | edit source]- Typhedanus A. Butler, 1870
- Oechydrus E. Watson, 1893
- Cogia A. Butler, 1870
- Nerula Mabille, 1888
- Marela Mabille, 1903
Footnotes and references
[edit | edit source]
- ^ a b Brower, Andrew V.Z. & Warren, Andrew (2009): Tree of Life Web Project – Eudaminae. Version of 2009-JUN-11. Retrieved 2009-DEC-24.
- ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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