Emil Molt
Emil Molt | |
|---|---|
| File:Emil Molt.jpg | |
| Born | 14 April 1876 |
| Died | 16 June 1936 (aged 60) |
| Occupation | industrialist |
| Known for | Waldorf school |
| Spouse | Bertha Molt |
Emil Molt (14 April 1876, in Schwäbisch Gmünd, Kingdom of Württemberg – 16 June 1936, in Stuttgart) was a German industrialist, social reformer and anthroposophist. He was the director of the Waldorf-Astoria-Zigarettenfabrik, and with Rudolf Steiner co-founded the first Waldorf school. Hence, Waldorf education was named after the company.
Background
[edit | edit source]Molt was born in southern Germany and was orphaned as a teenager.[1] He enlisted in the military and worked for Emil Georgii after he was discharged. Georgii's son Emil Jr. hired Molt to work at the Waldorf-Astoria cigarette factory at Stuttgart. He later became its general manager and owner.[1]
A biography written by Molt's daughter detailed how he purchased the Waldorf Astoria brand name from the tobacconist shop in a New York hotel owned by the Astor family.[2]
Waldorf school
[edit | edit source]Molt's association with Steiner began due to his interest in spirituality, particularly after he signed up as a member of the Theosophical Society in 1906. Steiner was regularly invited to speak in its gatherings.[3] The industrialist also became a follower of Steiner's esoteric philosophy called anthroposophy.
After World War I people believed it was possible to initiate new social arrangements.[4] One of them was Molt, who decided to address the educational needs of his factory workers and their children.[4] For this initiative, he was drawn to Steiner's holistic proposition in education, which holds that teaching must attend to multiple aspects of human experience.[5] Following a series of consultations, Molt and Steiner founded the Waldorf school after gaining the approval of the German Minister of Culture.[1] It opened in September 1919 in Stuttgart, Germany.[6] Molt bought the Uhlandeshohe Restaurant as the school's first building and altered it according to Steiner's specifications.[7] The adjoining properties were later purchased as the school expanded.[7] The Waldorf School opened with twelve teachers.[8] Initially, there were 150 students who were chosen from proletarian families and with parents who belong to the Anthroposophical Society.[9]
Waldorf schools became the largest independent school movement in the world.[10][11]
External links
[edit | edit source]References
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- ^ Robert A. McDermott, "Rudolf Steiner and Anthroposophy", in Faivre and Needleman, Modern Esoteric Spirituality, Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value)., p. 288ff
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- ^ drazil, Tomas (2018). "Theorie-Praxis Verhältnis in der Waldorfpädagogik". In Kern, Holger; Zdrazil, Tomas; Götte, Wenzel Michael (eds.). Lehrerbildung in der Waldorfschule. Weinheim, DE: Juventa. p. 34. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value)..
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