Dutch Canadians

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Dutch Canadians
Nederlandse Canadezen (Dutch)
Canadiens néerlandais (French)
File:Dutch Canadians by census division.svg
Dutch ancestry percent in Canada (2021)
Total population
1,111,655 (2016 Census)
Regions with significant populations
Alberta, British Columbia, Atlantic Canada, Ontario, Quebec, Western Canada
Languages
Canadian English, Canadian French, Dutch, Frisian, Limburgish
Religion
Protestantism, Roman Catholicism
Related ethnic groups
Dutch people, Dutch Americans

Dutch Canadians (Dutch: Nederlandse Canadezen) are Canadians with full or partial Dutch ancestry. According to the Canada 2006 Census, there were 1,035,965 Canadians of Dutch descent,[1] including those of full or partial ancestry. This increased to 1,111,655 or about 4.2% of the entire population of Canada in 2016.[2]

History

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Dutch Canadian
Population History
YearPop.±%
187129,662—    
188130,412+2.5%
190133,845+11.3%
191155,961+65.3%
1921117,505+110.0%
1931148,962+26.8%
1941212,863+42.9%
1951264,267+24.1%
1961429,679+62.6%
1971425,945−0.9%
1981408,235−4.2%
1986881,935+116.0%
1991961,595+9.0%
1996916,215−4.7%
2001923,310+0.8%
20061,035,965+12.2%
20111,067,245+3.0%
20161,111,655+4.2%
Source: Statistics Canada
[3]: 17 [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]
Note: 1981 Canadian census did not include multiple ethnic origin responses, thus population is an undercount.

The first Dutch people to come to Canada were Dutch Americans among the United Empire Loyalists. The largest wave was in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century when large numbers of Dutch helped settle the Canadian west. During this period significant numbers also settled in major cities like Toronto. While interrupted by the First World War this migration returned in the 1920s, but again halted during the Great Depression and Second World War.[15]

After World War II, a large number of Dutch immigrants moved to Canada, including a number of war brides of the Canadian soldiers who liberated the Netherlands. There were officially 1,886 Dutch war brides to Canada, ranking second after British war brides.[16] During the war, Canada had sheltered Crown Princess Juliana and her family. The annual Canadian Tulip Festival held in May commemorates her with a generous number of tulips coming from The Netherlands. Due to these close links Canada became a popular destination for Dutch immigrants. The Canadian government encouraged this, recruiting skilled workers. This post-war wave went mainly to urban centres such as Toronto, Ottawa, and Vancouver. With the economic recovery of the Netherlands in the post-war years immigration to Canada slowed.

While one of the largest minority groups in Canada, Dutch Canadians have tended to rapidly assimilate and there are relatively few Dutch Canadian organizations and media. One important institution is the Christian Reformed Church in North America, with most congregations found throughout Alberta, British Columbia, and Ontario. The Institute for Christian Studies in Toronto, The King's University in Edmonton, and Redeemer University College in Ancaster, Ontario are associated with this Dutch Reformed/Calvinist denomination. Christian Schools International, the Christian Labour Association of Canada, and the Christian Farmers Federation of Ontario are organizations with strong Dutch-Canadian roots. In his book To All Our Children: The Story of The Postwar Dutch Immigration to Canada, Albert VanderMey explains that in Edmonton, Dutch Canadian immigrants "also set up a credit union, a burial fund, three elementary Christian schools and one Christian high school, and a home for senior citizens."[17][a]

Dutch Canadians, because of their shared cultural and religious heritage, tend to form tight-knit communities. This has led to an in-joke known as "Dutch bingo",[18] where it is said that a Dutch Canadian is able to figure out his/her connection to another Dutch Canadian by asking questions about the other's last name, town of birth, church and the college they attended.

Geographical distribution

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Data from this section from Statistics Canada, 2021.[19]

Provinces & territories

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Province / Territory Percent Dutch Total Dutch
File:Flag of Alberta.svg Alberta 4.2% 174,625
File:Flag of British Columbia.svg British Columbia 3.9% 189,985
File:Flag of Manitoba.svg Manitoba 3.3% 43,390
File:Flag of New Brunswick.svg New Brunswick 1.8% 13,310
File:Flag of Newfoundland and Labrador.svg Newfoundland and Labrador 0.4% 1,830
File:Flag of the Northwest Territories.svg Northwest Territories 2.3% 940
File:Flag of Nova Scotia.svg Nova Scotia 2.9% 27,375
File:Flag of Nunavut.svg Nunavut 0.5% 185
File:Flag of Ontario.svg Ontario 3.4% 478,860
File:Flag of Prince Edward Island.svg Prince Edward Island 3.0% 4,465
File:Flag of Quebec.svg Quebec 0.3% 22,385
File:Flag of Saskatchewan.svg Saskatchewan 2.7% 29,410
File:Flag of Yukon.svg Yukon 4.6% 1,825
File:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg Canada — Total 2.7% 988,585

Religion

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Dutch Canadian demography by religion
Religious group 2021[20][b] 2001[21][c]
Pop. % Pop. %
Christianity 555,660 56.21% 725,210 78.54%
Islam 1,125 0.11% 585 0.06%
Irreligion 418,355 42.32% 190,645 20.64%
Judaism 2,785 0.28% 2,275 0.25%
Buddhism 1,520 0.15% 1,185 0.13%
Hinduism 315 0.03% 150 0.02%
Indigenous spirituality 505 0.05% — —
Sikhism 195 0.02% 305 0.03%
Other 8,125 0.82% 2,960 0.32%
Total Dutch Canadian population 988,585 100% 923,310 100%
Dutch Canadian demography by Christian sects
Religious group 2021[20][b] 2001[21][c]
Pop. % Pop. %
Catholic 159,270 28.66% 201,105 27.73%
Orthodox 2,080 0.37% 1,810 0.25%
Protestant 214,935 38.68% 476,900 65.76%
Other Christian 179,375 32.28% 45,395 6.26%
Total Dutch Canadian christian population 555,660 100% 725,210 100%

Notable people

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Academia

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Arts and entertainment

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Business

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Farming

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Politics and civil service

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Sports

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See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ The high school to which VanderMey refers is Edmonton Christian High School and the credit union is the Christian Credit Union.
  2. ^ a b Religious breakdown proportions based on "Dutch" ethnic or cultural origin response on the 2021 census.[20]
  3. ^ a b Religious breakdown proportions based on "Dutch" ethnic or cultural origin response on the 2001 census.[21]

References

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