Dodecane
| Names | |
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| Preferred IUPAC name
Dodecane[1] | |
| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| 1697175 | |
| ChEBI | |
| ChEMBL | |
| ChemSpider | |
| DrugBank | |
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| EC Number |
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| E number | Lua error in Module:Wikidata at line 880: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| 201408 | |
| KEGG | |
| MeSH | n-dodecane |
PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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| Properties | |
| C12H26 | |
| Molar mass | 170.340 g·mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colorless liquid |
| Odor | Gasoline-like to odorless |
| Density | 0.7495 g mL−1 at 20 °C[2] |
| Melting point | −10.0 to −9.3 °C; 14.1 to 15.2 °F; 263.2 to 263.8 K |
| Boiling point | 214 to 218 °C; 417 to 424 °F; 487 to 491 K |
| log P | 6.821 |
| Vapor pressure | 18 Pa (at 25 °C)[3] |
Henry's law
constant (kH) |
1.4 nmol Pa−1 kg−1 |
Refractive index (nD)
|
1.421 |
| Viscosity | 1.34 mPa s |
| Thermochemistry | |
Heat capacity (C)
|
376.00 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std molar
entropy (S⦵298) |
490.66 J K−1 mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of
formation (ΔfH⦵298) |
−353.5–−350.7 kJ mol−1 |
Std enthalpy of
combustion (ΔcH⦵298) |
−7901.74 kJ mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS labelling: | |
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| Danger | |
| H304 | |
| P301+P310, P331 | |
| NFPA 704 (fire diamond) | |
| Flash point | 71 °C (160 °F; 344 K) |
| 205 °C (401 °F; 478 K) | |
| Explosive limits | 0.6% |
| Safety data sheet (SDS) | hazard.com |
| Related compounds | |
Related alkanes
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Dodecane (also known as dihexyl, bihexyl, adakane 12, or duodecane) is an oily liquid n-alkane hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C12H26 (which has 355 isomers).
It is used as a solvent, distillation chaser, and scintillator component. It is used as a diluent for tributyl phosphate (TBP) in nuclear reprocessing plants.[4]
Combustion reaction
[edit | edit source]The combustion reaction of dodecane is as follows:
- C12H26(l) + 18.5 O2(g) → 12 CO2(g) + 13 H2O(g)
One litre of fuel needs about 15 kg of air to burn (2.6 kg of oxygen), and generates 2.3 kg (or 1.2 m3) of CO2 upon complete combustion.
Jet fuel surrogate
[edit | edit source]In recent years, n-dodecane has garnered attention as a possible surrogate for kerosene-based fuels such as Jet-A, S-8, and other conventional aviation fuels. It is considered a second-generation fuel surrogate designed to emulate the laminar flame speed, largely supplanting n-decane, primarily due to its higher molecular mass and lower hydrogen-to-carbon ratio which better reflect the n-alkane content of jet fuels.
See also
[edit | edit source]References
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External links
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- Material Safety Data Sheet for Dodecane
- Dodecane, Dr. Duke's Phytochemical and Ethnobotanical Databases
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