Discocactus
| Discocactus | |
|---|---|
| File:The Cactaceae Vol III, plate XXIV filtered.jpg | |
| Discocactus bahiensis (lower left) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Cactaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cactoideae |
| Tribe: | Cereeae |
| Subtribe: | Cereinae |
| Genus: | Discocactus Pfeiff.[1] |
| Type species | |
| Discocactus placentiformis | |
| Species | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Discocactus is a genus of tropical cacti. Discocactus plants are endemic to southern Brazil, eastern Bolivia, and northern Paraguay.[3] These species are in the risk of extinction in the wild.
Description
[edit | edit source]The species of the genus Discocactus are depressed spherical to spherical and usually solitary plants, with mostly numerous, at the base somewhat broadened ribs and well-developed warts. The areoles are usually covered by strong thorns. At the apex of the adult plants, there is a wooly cephalium, white or shaded with yellow or grey. The terminal cephalium, up to 4 centimeters high, is slightly depressed. It consists of white, yellowish to grayish white wool and may have bristly spines.
The fragrant, white, funnel- or tray-shaped flowers arise at the edge of the cephalium and open at night. Their pericarpel, glabrous at the base, is covered with scales higher up. There is no wool or hair. The slender flower-tube is also covered with scales.
The spherical to club-shaped to oblong, white to pink to bright red fruits are glabrous and slightly fleshy. They open at a vertical slit and have a perennial flower remnant. The fruits contain broadly oval to almost spherical, shiny black seeds that are 2 to 2.5 millimeters long.[4]
Taxonomy
[edit | edit source]The genus was first described in 1837 by Ludwig Georg Karl Pfeiffer.[5] The name comes from the ancient Greek diskos (=disc) because of its shape.
Species
[edit | edit source]All species are listed under Appendix I of CITES meaning commercial international trade is prohibited and non-commercial international trade is regulated.[2]
As of September 2023[update], Plants of the World Online accepted the following species:[1]
| Image | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|
 |
Discocactus bahiensis Britton & Rose | Brazil (Bahia, Ceará, Pernambuco, and Piauí) |
 |
Discocactus boliviensis Buining & Brederoo | Bolivia (Santa Cruz) |
_P.J.Braun_%26_Esteves_Bahia_Brasil.JPG) |
Discocactus buenekeri W.R.Abraham | Brazil (Bahia) |
 |
Discocactus catingicola Buining & Brederoo | Brazil (Mato Grosso) |
 |
Discocactus diersianus Esteves | Brazil (Goiás) |
 |
Discocactus fariae-peresii P.J.Braun | Brazil (Goiás) |
 |
Discocactus ferricola Buining & Brederoo | Bolivia to Brazil (Mato Grosso do Sul) |
| File:Discocactus hartmannii ssp. giganteus PJ Braun et Esteves Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil.JPG | Discocactus hartmannii (K.Schum.) Britton & Rose | Paraguay to Brazil (Goiás, Mato Grosso do Sul) |
| File:Discocactus silicicola Buining & Brederoo from type locality.jpg | Discocactus heptacanthus (Barb.Rodr.) Britton & Rose | Bolivia (Chuquisaca, Santa Cruz, Tarija), Brazil (Bahia, Goias, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais), Paraguay (Alto Paraguay, Alto Parana, Amambay, Boqueron, Caaguazu, Caazapa, Canindeyu, Central Departemento, Concepcion, Cordillera, Guaira, Itapua, Misiones (Departamento), Neembucu, Paraguari, Presidente Hayes, San Pedro) |
| File:Discocactus horstii.jpg | Discocactus horstii Buining & Brederoo | Brazil (Minas Gerais: Mun. Grão-Mogol) |
| File:Discocactus zehntneri ssp. petr-halfarii (Zachar) M.R.Santos & M. Machado Bahia Brasil.jpg | Discocactus petr-halfarii Zachar | Brazil (Bahia) |
| File:Discocactus placentiformis ssp. pugionacanthus (Buining & Brederoo) P.J.Braun & Esteves.jpg | Discocactus placentiformis (Lehm.) K.Schum. | Brazil (Minas Gerais) |
| File:Discocactus pseudoinsignis 5.jpeg | Discocactus pseudoinsignis N.P.Taylor & Zappi | Brazil (Minas Gerais) |
| File:Discocactus zehntneri ssp. horstiorum (P.J.Braun) P.J.Braun & Esteves Bahia Brasil.jpg | Discocactus zehntneri Britton & Rose | Brazil (Bahia) |
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_P.J.Braun_%26_Esteves.jpg){kind=link}
_P.J.Braun_%26_Esteves_Bahia_Brasil.jpg){kind=link}
References
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Bibliography
[edit | edit source]- Edward F. Anderson : The Cactus Family. Timber Press: Portland (Oregon), 2001, p. 218-221 Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- N. L. Britton, J. N. Rose: The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family. Washington, 1920
External links
[edit | edit source]- Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to Lua error in Module:Commons_link at line 62: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). at Wikimedia Commons
- File:Wikispecies-logo.svg Data related to Discocactus at Wikispecies
- (in French) photos on www.AIAPS.org
- (in English) photos on www.cactiguide.com
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