D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation
| File:Official logo for D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation.png | |
| File:Developing 8 countries.PNG Members of D-8[1] | |
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| Formation | 1996 1997 (1 Summit) |
|---|---|
| Legal status | Intergovernmental organization |
| Headquarters | Istanbul, Turkey |
| Membership | |
Secretary-General | Isiaka Abdulqadir Imam |
President | Badr Abdul Ati[2] |
Chairman | Abdel Fattah Al Sisi |
| Website | www |
The D-8 Organization for Economic Cooperation, also known as Developing-8, is an organisation for development co-operation among Bangladesh, Egypt, Indonesia, Iran, Malaysia, Nigeria, Pakistan, and Turkey.[3] Azerbaijan was admitted to the organization as the 9th member on 19 December 2024.[4]
The combined population of the eight countries is about 1.2 billion or 60% of all Muslims, or close to 13% of the world's population and covering an area of 7.6 million square kilometers, 5% of world land area.[5] In 2006, trade between the D-8 member states stood at $35 billion, and it was around $68 billion in 2010.[6] Transactions between the eight developing countries accounted for 3.3 percent of world trade in 2010.[6] The total nominal GDP of the eight nations was around 4.92 trillion as of 2023.
Purposes and objectives
[edit | edit source]The main areas of co-operation include finance, banking, rural development, science and technology, humanitarian development, agriculture, energy, environment, and health.[5]
In the first Summit Declaration (Istanbul, 1997), the main objective of D-8 is stated to be socio-economic development in accordance with the following principles:
- Peace instead of conflict.
- Dialogue instead of confrontation.
- Cooperation instead of exploitation.
- Justice instead of double standard.
- Equality instead of discrimination.
- Democracy instead of oppression.
The fifth D-8 Summit Declaration (Bali, 2006) produced the following, as illustration of the application of the group's objectives:
- Commitment to work together to solve the problem of economic disparities within our countries.
- Reaffirm commitment to enhance co-operation in the field of energy to develop alternative and renewable energy resources.
- Emphasize the importance of D-8 in contributing to the economic development of its member countries and ensure that it promotes global trade.[7]
Structure
[edit | edit source]The Summit, which is convened every two years, has the highest level of authority, and is composed of the leaders of each member state.[8]
The Council is the principal decision-making body and forum for consideration of issues relating to the and is composed of the foreign affairs ministers of each member state.
The Commission has executive authority, and is composed of Commissioners appointed by each member state's government. Commissioners are responsible for promoting compliance with directives in their respective nation. Finally, an executive director is appointed by D-8 members to facilitate communication and to act in a supervisory capacity during each summit or lower-level assembly.
D-8 Summits
[edit | edit source]| Date | Host country | Host leader | Location held | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | June 1997 |  Turkey |
Necmettin Erbakan | Istanbul |
| 2 | March 1999 | File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh | Sheikh Hasina | Dhaka |
| 3 | February 2001 |  Egypt |
Hosni Mubarak | Cairo |
| 4 | February 2004 |  Iran |
Mohammad Khatami | Tehran |
| 5 | May 2006 |  Indonesia |
Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono | Bali |
| 6 | July 2008 | File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia | Abdullah Ahmad Badawi | Kuala Lumpur |
| 7 | July 2010 |  Nigeria |
Muhammadu Buhari | Abuja |
| 8 | November 2012 |  Pakistan |
Asif Ali Zardari | Islamabad |
| 9 | October 2017 | Turkey |
Recep Tayyip Erdoğan | Istanbul |
| 10 | April 2021 | File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh | Sheikh Hasina | Virtual |
| 11 | 18-20 December 2024 | Egypt |
Abdel Fattah el-Sisi | Cairo |
| 12 | 2026-2027 | Indonesia
|
Member countries
[edit | edit source]| Country | Population (2024) | Nominal GDP (USD million) 2024[9] | Nominal GDP per capita ($) 2024[9] | PPP GDP (USD million) 2024[9] | PPP GDP per capita ($) 2024[9] | Life expectancy (years, avg. 2021) | HDI (2021)[10] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| File:Flag of Azerbaijan.svg Azerbaijan | 10,353,296 | 78,749 | 7,641 | 199,195 | 19,328 | 72.9 | 0.760 (high) |
| File:Flag of Bangladesh.svg Bangladesh | 173,562,364 | 451,468 | 2,625 | 1,690,000 | 9,840 | 74.3 | 0.661 (medium) |
| Egypt |
116,538,258 | 380,044 | 3,542 | 2,230,000 | 20,799 | 71.8 | 0.731 (high) |
| Indonesia |
283,487,931 | 1,402,590 | 4,981 | 4,661,542 | 16,542 | 71.3 | 0.705 (high) |
| Iran |
91,567,738 | 434,243 | 5,013 | 1,700,000 | 19,607 | 77.3 | 0.774 (high) |
| File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia | 35,557,673 | 439,748 | 13,142 | 1,370,942 | 41,022 | 74.7 | 0.803 (very high) |
| Nigeria |
232,679,478 | 372,970 | 1,637 | 1,490,000 | 6,543 | 62.6 | 0.535 (low) |
| Pakistan |
251,269,164 | 374,595 | 1,588 | 1,580,000 | 6,715 | 68 | 0.544 (medium) |
| Turkey |
87,473,805 | 1,344,318 | 15,666 | 3,460,000 | 40,283 | 78.6 | 0.838 (very high) |
| Average | 142,498,856 | 586,525 | 6,204 | 2,042,409 | 20,075 | 72.0 | 0.705 (high) |
| Combined | 1,282,489,707 | 5,278,725 | N/A | 18,381,679 | N/A | N/A | N/A |
Secretaries-General
[edit | edit source]| No. | Name | Country of origin | Took office | Left office |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ayhan Kamel | Turkey |
1997 | 2006 |
| 2 | Dipo Alam | Indonesia |
2006 | 2010 |
| 3 | Widi Agoes Pratikto | Indonesia |
2010 | 2012 |
| 4 | Seyed Ali Mohammad Mousavi | Iran |
2013 | 2017 |
| 5 | Ku Jaafar Ku Shaari | File:Flag of Malaysia.svg Malaysia | 2018 | 2021 |
| 6 | Isiaka Abdulqadir Imam | Nigeria |
2022 | Present |
Affiliated Bodies
[edit | edit source]- D-8 International University[11]
- D-8 Map of Scientific Excellence and Collaboration (D8-MSEC)[12]
- D-8 Network of Pioneers for Research and Innovation (D-8 NPRI)[13]
- D-8 Technology Transfer and Exchange Network (D-8 TTEN)[14]
- D-8 Health and Social Protection Programme (D-8 HSP)[15]
- D-8 Research Center for Agriculture and Food Security[16]
See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ^ The official website Archived 12 September 2017 at the Wayback Machine adopts the "G-15" orthography (with a hyphen) in order to distinguish an abbreviated references to this group – contrasts with other similarly named entities.
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- ^ Azerbaijan Joins D-8 as New Member at Cairo Summit
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External links
[edit | edit source]
- Developing 8 Countries
- International economic organizations
- Islamic organizations based in Turkey
- International organizations based in Turkey
- Organizations based in Istanbul
- Intergovernmental organizations
- Foreign relations of Pakistan
- Foreign relations of Iran
- Foreign relations of Turkey
- Foreign relations of Nigeria
- Foreign relations of Bangladesh
- Foreign relations of Indonesia
- Foreign relations of Egypt
- Foreign relations of Malaysia