Coordinates: 9°00′N 79°36′W / 9.0°N 79.6°W / 9.0; -79.6

Cucaracha Formation

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Cucaracha Formation
Stratigraphic range: Early Burdigalian-Mid Langhian (Hemingfordian-Barstovian)
19–14 Ma
↓
TypeFormation
UnderliesPedro Miguel & La Boca Formations
OverliesCulebra Formation
Thickness~125 m (410 ft)
Lithology
PrimarySandstone, conglomerate
OtherClaystone
Location
CoordinatesLua error in Module:Coordinates at line 489: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
Approximate paleocoordinatesLua error: callParserFunction: function "#coordinates" was not found.
RegionPanamá Province
CountryPanama
ExtentPanama Basin

The Cucaracha Formation (Tca)[1] is a geologic formation in Panama. It preserves vertebrate and plant fossils dating back to the Neogene period; Early to Middle Miocene epochs (Hemingfordian).[2] Fossils of the crocodylian Centenariosuchus, the turtle Rhinoclemmys panamaensis and the artiodactyl Paratoceras have been found in the formation.[3]

The Cucaracha Formation is approximately 125 metres (410 ft) thick,[4] and dated to 19 to 14 Ma.[5]

Fossil content

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Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Mammals

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Bats

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Bats reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Americanycteris[6][7] A. cyrtodon Centenario Bridge & Hodges Hill Partial jaw & right premolar A leaf-nosed bat, first reported as a new "large insectivorous phyllostomine"

Carnivorans

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Carnivorans reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Bassaricyonoides[6] B. sp. Gaillard Cut A procyonid
Daphoenodon[6] cf. D. sp. Gaillard Cut A bear dog
File:Daphoenodon superbus restoration.jpg
Hemicyonidae indet.[8] Indeterminate Gaillard Cut Radius & ulna fragment A bear
Tomarctus[6][8] T. brevirostris Gaillard Cut Jaw & teeth A borophagine dog
File:Tomarctus brevirostris.png

Rodents

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Rodents reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Nototamias[6] N. sp. Gaillard Cut A ground squirrel
Petauristodon[6] P. sp. Gaillard Cut A flying squirrel
Proheteromys[6] P. sp. Gaillard Cut A heteromyid
File:Proheteromys latidens (UCMP 150688).jpg
Texomys[6][9] T. stewarti Pedro Miguel Lock & Gaillard Cut Teeth A jimomyid

Ungulates

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Ungulates reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Anchitherium[6][8][10] A. clarencei Gaillard Cut & Centenario Bridge Mandible fragment, upper cheek tooth & maxilla An equid
Archaeohippus[6][8] A. sp. Gaillard Cut Calcaneus & tooth An equid
Cynorca[6][11] C. occidentale Gaillard Cut, Centenario Bridge & Hodges Hill Jaw elements with teeth Species reassigned to the genus Tedfordhyus[12]
Floridaceras[6][8] F. whitei Gaillard Cut Jaws, teeth & femur fragment A rhinoceros
Floridatragulus[6] cf. F. nanus Gaillard Cut A camelid
Machaeromeryx[6] cf. M. sp. Gaillard Cut A moschid
Menoceras[6][8] M. barbouri Gaillard Cut Teeth & limb elements A rhinoceros
File:Em - Menoceras sp. - 2.jpg
Merycochoerus[6][8] M. matthewi Gaillard Cut Skull elements An oreodont
Parablastomeryx[6] cf. P. sp. Gaillard Cut A moschid
Paratoceras[6][8][13] P. coatesi Gaillard Cut, Centenario Bridge, Hodges Hill & Cartagena Hill Skull elements, teeth & limb fragments A protoceratid, first reported as P. wardi
P. wardi Gaillard Cut Skull elements, teeth & limb fragments Remains reassigned to P. coatesi
Tedfordhyus[6][11] T. occidentalis Gaillard Cut, Centenario Bridge & Hodges Hill Jaw elements with teeth A peccary, originally named Cynorca occidentale

Reptiles

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Birds

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Birds reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Accipitridae indet.[14] Indeterminate West side of the Panama Canal Talon A large eagle, talon resembles those of the crowned eagle and martial eagle

Crocodilians

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Crocodilians reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Centenariosuchus[15] C. gilmorei Hodges Hill Skull & jaw A caiman
cf. C. gilmorei Centenario Bridge Right angular A caiman
Dadagavialis[16] D. gunai East margin of the Panama Canal Partial snout A gavialid
cf. D. gunai Centenario Bridge Partial mandible A gavialid
Eusuchia indet.[15] Indeterminate Panama Canal Zone Headless skeleton Osteoderms comparable to those of gavialids such as Gavialosuchus, but crocodilian osteoderms are non-diagnostic

Squamates

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Squamates reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Boa[17] B. cf. B. constrictor Cartagena Hill & Hodges Hill Incomplete vertebrae A boid snake
File:Boa constrictor constrictor - Flickr - Dick Culbert.jpg

Turtles

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Turtles reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Podocnemididae indet.[18] Incertae sedis Centenario Bridge Right epiplastron A side-necked turtle
Rhinoclemmys[18] R. panamaensis Centenario Bridge Shell elements A geoemydid turtle
R. sp. Centenario Bridge & Culebra Reach Isolated bones A geoemydid turtle
Staurotypus[18] S. moschus Centenario Bridge Peripheral part of shell A kinosternid turtle
Testudinidae indet.[18] Incertae sedis Culebra Reach Shell & limb elements A tortoise
Trionychidae indet.[18] Incertae sedis Centenario Bridge Right costal A softshell turtle

Plants

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Plants reported from the Cucaracha Formation
Genus Species Presence Material Notes Images
Ampelorhiza[19] A. heteroxylon Culebra Cut Roots A member of Paullinieae
Antrocaryon[20] A. panamaensis Lirio East Endocarps A member of Anacardiaceae
Dracontomelon[20] D. montesii Lirio East Endocarps A member of Anacardiaceae
Guazumaoxylon[21] G. miocenica Hodges Hill Wood A member of Malvaceae, similar to Guazuma
Mammea[22] M. paramericana Northern Lirio East Stem A member of Calophyllaceae
Oreomunnea[23] O. grahamii Lirio East Nuts A member of Juglandaceae
Panascleroticoxylon[24] P. crystallosa Hodges Hill Wood A member of Malpighiales
Parinari[25] P. panamensis Lirio East, Gold Hill & Empire sites Endocarps A member of Chrysobalanaceae
Parinarioxylon[25] P. panamensis Lirio East Wood A member of Chrysobalanaceae
Periplanetoxylon[21] P. panamense Hodges Hill Wood A member of Malvaceae
Prioria[26] P. canalensis Hodges Hill Wood A legume
P. hodgesii Hodges Hill Wood A legume
Rourea[27] R. blatta Northern Lirio East site Wood A liana belonging to the Connaraceae
Spondias[20] S. rothwellii Lirio East Endocarps A member of Anacardiaceae

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Geologic Map, 1980
  2. ^ Cucaracha Formation at Fossilworks.org
  3. ^ Centenariosuchus at Fossilworks.org
  4. ^ Kirby et al., 2008, p.9
  5. ^ Kirby et al., 2008, p.11
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Bibliography

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  • Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  • Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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