Coliadinae
| Coliadinae | |
|---|---|
| File:Nathalis iole.jpg | |
| Mating dainty sulphurs (Nathalis iole) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Pieridae |
| Subfamily: | Coliadinae Swainson, 1827 |
| Tribes | |
and see text | |
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Coliadinae, the sulphurs or yellows, are a subfamily of butterflies with about 300 described species.
There are 36 species in North America, where they range from Mexico to northern Canada. In most species, males are easily distinguished from females. For example, in the genera Colias and Gonepteryx), males exhibit brilliant UV reflections that the females lack.[1]
Systematics
[edit | edit source]Molecular phylogenetic analyses have found that the Coliadinae consists of two, well-supported and reciprocally monophyletic groups[2], which have variously been referred to as the Colias-clade and the Eurema-clade[2] or as the tribes Euremini and Coliadini[3].
The genera are as follows:
Coliadini
- Gandaca Moore, [1906]
- Gonepteryx Leach, [1815] – brimstones
- Dercas Doubleday, [1847] - sulphurs
- Phoebis Hübner, [1819]
- Aphrissa Butler, 1873
- Catopsilia Hübner, [1819] – emigrants
- Anteos Hübner, [1819] – angled-sulphurs
- Zerene Hübner, [1819]
- Colias Fabricius, 1807 – clouded yellows
- Prestonia Schaus, 1920
- Rhabdodryas Godman & Salvin, [1889]
Euremini
- Kricogonia Reakirt, 1863
- Nathalis Boisduval, [1836]
- Pyrisitia Butler, 1870
- Teriocolias Roeber 1909
- Leucidia Doubleday, [1847]
- Eurema Hübner, [1819] – grass yellows
- Abaeis Hübner, [1819]
- Terias Swainson, 1821
Historically, the Coliadinae were arranged in three tribes- Euremini, Goniopterygini, and Coliadini- and a basal lineage, with one genus, Gandaca, of unclear placement.
Footnotes
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]
- Brower, Andrew V.Z. (2006): Tree of Life Web Project - Coliadinae. Version of November 16, 2006. Retrieved August 7, 2008
- Lim, M.L.M. & Li, D. (2005): Extreme ultraviolet sexual dimorphism in jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 89(3): 397–406. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (HTML abstract)
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