Cochemiea

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Cochemiea
File:Ortegocactus macdougallii 01.jpg
Cochemiea macdougallii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Tribe: Cacteae
Genus: Cochemiea
(K.Brandegee) Walton[1]
Type species
Cochemiea halei
Species

See text.

Synonyms
  • Mammillaria subg. Cochemiea K.Brandegee, 1897
  • Bartschella Britton & Rose 1923
  • Chilita Orcutt 1926
  • Fimbriatocactus Guiggi 2023
  • Phellosperma Britton & Rose 1923

Cochemiea is a genus of cactus.[2] The group was previously synonymized with Mammillaria, until molecular phylogenetic studies determined that—when broadly circumscribed—Mammillaria is not monophyletic; thus, Cochemiea has been accepted as a distinct genus.[3]

The Cactaceae family, as a whole, is the fifth most-endangered plant or animal family taxon, globally, as evaluated by the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).[4] The reasons for this are varied, ranging from climate change and habitat loss, in some regions, to the illegal harvesting (poaching) of wild cacti for personal collections or sale on the black market, or blatantly sold, as-is, fresh from the wild. As these plants are naturally slow growers, wild cactus growth and reproduction rates may not meet the rate at which certain populations of species are being poached, thus creating gaps in the wild populations and risking complete regional depletion or extinction.

Taxonomy

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A 2021 molecular phylogenetic study of the "mammilloid clade", which included the genera Cochemiea, Coryphantha, Cumarinia, Escobaria, Mammillaria, Neolloydia and Ortegocactus, showed that it consisted of four monophyletic groups, which the authors re-circumscribed into four genera: Cumarinia; Mammillaria, with a reduced number of species; Coryphantha, expanded to include species previously placed in Mammillaria and Escobaria; and Cochemiea, expanded to include a large number of species previously placed in Mammillaria, as well as Neolloydia conoidea.[3]

Mammilloid clade

Cumarinia

Mammillaria s.s.

Coryphantha s.l.

Cochemiea s.l.

Species

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In 2021, Breslin, Wojciechowski and Majure placed the following species in the genus, some already placed there and some moved from Mammillaria, Neolloydia, Neomammillaria and Ortegocactus.[3] As of December 2022, Plants of the World Online accepted in the genus the species moved by Breslin et al.[2]

Image Scientific name Distribution
File:Cochemiea albicans3.png Cochemiea albicans (Britton & Rose) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Baja California)
Cochemiea angelensis (R.T.Craig) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico
File:Mammillaria armillata (2).jpg Cochemiea armillata (K.Brandegee) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Baja California Sur)
File:Cochemiea barbata.png Cochemiea barbata (Engelm.) Doweld Mexico (Chihuahua, Durango)
File:Mammillaria blossfeldiana.jpg Cochemiea blossfeldiana (Boed.) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Guadalupe, Baja California)
File:Mammillaria boolii (9327469039).jpg Cochemiea boolii (G.E.Linds.) P.B.Breslin & Majure, Mexico (Sonora)
Cochemiea bullardiana (H.E.Gates) P.B.Breslin & Majure, Mexico (Baja California)
File:Mammillaria capensis.jpg Cochemiea capensis (H.E.Gates) Doweld Mexico (Baja California Sur, Sonora)
File:Cochemiea cerralboa.jpg Cochemiea cerralboa (Britton & Rose) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Baja California Sur).
File:Mammillariadioica.jpg Cochemiea dioica (K.Brandegee) Doweld S. California to NW. Mexico
Cochemiea estebanensis (G.E.Linds.) P.B.Breslin & Majure, Mexico (Island San Esteban)
File:Mammillaria-fraileana HBG 59973 Jun PICT2757.jpg Cochemiea fraileana (Britton & Rose) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Baja California Sur).
File:Mammillaria dioica dioica imported from iNaturalist photo 185003876 on 9 March 2024.jpg Cochemiea goodridgei (Scheer ex Salm-Dyck) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Baja California).
File:Mammilaria grahamii.jpg Cochemiea grahamii (Engelm.) Doweld SE. California to W. Texas and Mexico (Baja California Norte to Chihuahua)
File:Mammillaria guelzowiana.jpg Cochemiea guelzowiana (Werderm.) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo León)
File:Mammillaria (Cochemia) halei.jpg Cochemiea halei (K.Brandegee) Walton Mexico (Baja California)
File:Succu Mammillaria hutchisoniana 01.jpg Cochemiea hutchisoniana (H.E.Gates) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Baja California)
File:Mammillaria insularis1.jpg Cochemiea insularis (H.E.Gates) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Baja California)
File:Ortegocactus macdougallii 01.jpg Cochemiea macdougallii (Alexander) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Oaxaca)
File:Mammillaria mainiae.jpg Cochemiea mainiae (K.Brandegee) P.B.Breslin & Majure S. Arizona to NW. Mexico
File:Mammillaria (Cochemia) maritima.jpg Cochemiea maritima H.E.Gates ex. Shurly Mexico (W. Central Baja California)
File:Cochemiea mazatlanensis 5.jpg Cochemiea mazatlanensis (K.Schum.) D.Aquino & Dan.Sánchez Mexico (Colima, Jalisco, Michoacan, Nayarit, Sinaloa, Sonora)
File:Mammillaria multidigitata 13951.jpg Cochemiea multidigitata (Radley & G.E.Linds.) P.B.Breslin Mexico (Sonora).
File:Mammillaria neopalmeri.jpg Cochemiea palmeri (J.M.Coult.) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Baja California)
File:Mammillaria phitauiana (5762289290).jpg Cochemiea phitauiana (E.M.Baxter) Doweld Mexico (Baja California).
File:Cochemiea pondii 1.jpg Cochemiea pondii (Greene) Walton Mexico (Island Cedros)
File:Mammillaria poselgeri.jpg Cochemiea poselgeri (Hildm.) Britton & Rose Mexico (Baja California Sur)
File:Mammillaria saboae subsp. roczekii.jpg Cochemiea saboae (Glass) Doweld Mexico (E. Sonora, W. Chihuahua)
File:Succu Mammillaria schumannii 01.jpg Cochemiea schumannii (Hildm.) P.B.Breslin & Majure Mexico (Baja California Sur).
File:Mammillaria (Cochemia) setispina.jpg Cochemiea setispina Walton Mexico (C. Baja California).
File:Succu Mammillaria swinglei 01.jpg Cochemiea sheldonii (Britton & Rose) Doweld Arizona to Mexico (Sonora, Sinaloa, W. Chihuahua)
File:Mammillaria tetrancistra 6.jpg Cochemiea tetrancistra (Engelm.) P.B.Breslin & Majure SW. U.S.A. to NW. Mexico
File:Mammillaria theresae, Coneto Pass, DGO..jpg Cochemiea theresae (Cutak) Doweld Mexico (Durango, Zacatecas).
File:Cochemiea thomasii 3.jpeg Cochemiea thomasii García-Mor. & al. Mexico (Sinaloa)
File:Cochemiea thornberi5.png Cochemiea thornberi (Orcutt) P.B.Breslin & Majure S. Arizona to Mexico (Sonora).
Cochemiea viridiflora (Britton & Rose) P.B.Breslin & Majure Arizona to SW. New Mexico.
File:Mammillaria meridiorosei (8701319434).jpg Cochemiea wrightii (Engelm.) Doweld E. Arizona to W. Texas and N. Mexico.

References

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