Carolinites
| Carolinites Temporal range:
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|---|---|
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Clade: | †Artiopoda |
| Class: | †Trilobita |
| Order: | †Proetida |
| Family: | †Telephinidae |
| Genus: | †Carolinites Kobayashi, 1940 |
| Type species | |
| Carolinites bulbosa | |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms | |
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Carolinites is a genus of trilobite, assigned to the Telephinidae family, that occurs during the Lower and Middle Ordovician. Carolinites had a pantropical distribution, and there is evidence that it lived in upper parts of the water column. The free cheeks of Carolinites are largely covered by its huge eyes, except for the attachment of large genal spines that extend downward, backward and lateral and gradually curving further backward. The glabella is slightly bulbous, the occipital ring is well defined, but further transglabellar furrows are lacking. The thorax has 10 segments. The axis of the pygidium is highly vaulted, with a curved spine emerging almost perpendicular to the midline and ending parallel to it and a node on each of the other three segments.[1][2] Carolinites is known from what are today Australia (Tasmania), Canada (Alberta), China, France, Spitsbergen, and the United States (Utah).[3]
Etymology
[edit | edit source]Carolinites has been named after Caroline Creek in Tasmania, the type locality of C. bulbosa.[citation needed][original research?]
Species
[edit | edit source]- C. bulbosa Kobayashi, 1940 (type)
- C. genacinaca Ross, 1951
- C. genacinaca genacinaca
- C. genacinaca nevadensis Hintze, 1953
- C. killaryensis Stubblefield, 1950 synonym Dimastocephalus killaryensis
- C. sibericus Chugaeva, 1964 synonym C. angustagena
Distribution
[edit | edit source]- C. genacinaca occurs in the Ordovician of the United States (Utah, Nevada), East Greenland, East Siberia, Novaya Zemlya, Arctic Canada and Svalbard.
- C. killaryensis was found in the Ordovician of Western Ireland, Svalbard and the Western United States (Basin Ranges).
- C. sibericus has been recorded from the Ordovician of Western Ireland, Siberia, Svalbard and the Western United States.[4]
References
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- ^ Whittington, H. B. et al. (1997) Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Part O, Revised, Volume 1 – Trilobita – Introduction, Order Agnostida, Order Redlichiida.
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- Proetida genera
- Fossils of Canada
- Fossils of China
- Fossils of France
- Fossils of Svalbard
- Fossils of the United States
- Ordovician trilobites of Asia
- Ordovician trilobites of Europe
- Ordovician trilobites of Australia
- Ordovician trilobites of North America
- Early Ordovician first appearances
- Middle Ordovician extinctions
- Paleozoic life of Alberta
- Paleozoic life of Newfoundland and Labrador
- Paleozoic life of the Northwest Territories
- Fauna of the Pantropical realm
- Telephinidae
- Nektonic trilobites
- Trilobite stubs