Calendula arvensis
| Calendula arvensis | |
|---|---|
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| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Genus: | Calendula |
| Species: | C. arvensis
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| Binomial name | |
| Calendula arvensis | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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List
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Calendula arvensis is a species of flowering plant in the daisy family known by the common name field marigold. It is native to central and southern Europe, North Africa and the Middle East[3] and it is known across the globe as an introduced species.[4][5]
Calendula arvensis is an annual or biennial herb 10 to 50 cm (3.9 to 19.7 in) tall. The leaves are lance-shaped and borne on petioles from the slender, hairy stem. The inflorescence is a single flower head up to four centimeters wide with bright yellow to yellow-orange ray florets around a center of yellow disc florets. The fruit is an achene which can take any of three shapes, including ring-shaped, that facilitate different methods of dispersal.[6][7]
Achene
[edit | edit source]Calendula arvensis produce three types of achenes (fruits of the sunflower family), they are rostrate, cymbiform and annular. Rostrate and cymbiform are suitable for long-distance diffusion, because they have larger size and weight than annular, while annular is suitable for short-distance diffusion.[8]
References
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- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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- ^ Flora of North America, Calendula arvensis Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. Ed. 2,. 2: 1303. 1763.
- ^ Altervista Flora Italiana, Fiorrancio dei campi Calendula arvensis (Vaill.) L. includes photos and European distribution map
- ^ Ruiz de Clavijo, E. (2005). The reproductive strategies of the heterocarpic annual Calendula arvensis (Asteraceae). Acta Oecologica 28:2 119-26.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
[edit | edit source]- Jepson Manual Treatment
- Calendula arvensis in the CalPhotos photo database, University of California, Berkeley
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