Buff-tailed coronet
| Buff-tailed coronet | |
|---|---|
| File:Buff-tailed coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens flavescens) Caldas.jpg | |
| Boissonneaua flavescens flavescens, Colombia | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Clade: | Strisores |
| Order: | Apodiformes |
| Family: | Trochilidae |
| Genus: | Boissonneaua |
| Species: | B. flavescens
|
| Binomial name | |
| Boissonneaua flavescens (Loddiges, 1832)
| |
| File:Boissonneaua flavescens map.svg | |
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The buff-tailed coronet (Boissonneaua flavescens) is a species of hummingbird in the 'Brilliants' tribe Heliantheini, within the subfamily Lesbiinae. It is found in Colombia, Ecuador, and Venezuela.[3][4]
Taxonomy and systematics
[edit | edit source]The buff-tailed coronet shares genus Boissonneaua with two other coronets, the chestnut-breasted (B. matthewsii) and velvet-purple (B. jardini). It has two subspecies, the nominate B. f. flavescens and B. f. tinochlora.[3]
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B. f. flavescens
Colombia -
B. f. flavescens
Colombia -
B. f. flavescens
Colombia -
B. f. tinochlora
Ecuador
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Description
[edit | edit source]The buff-tailed coronet is 11 to 12 cm (4.3 to 4.7 in) long and weighs 7.3 to 8.8 g (0.26 to 0.31 oz). Both sexes have a short, straight, black bill and a small white spot behind the eye. Males of the nominate subspecies are mostly shining green, with a buff belly accented by green spots. The underwing coverts are cinnamon and show in flight. The central tail feathers are bronzy and the rest are buff with bronze tips and edges. It has small white tufts on the legs. The nominate female has more buff on the underparts and the bronze of the tail is less extensive. The buff parts of both sexes of B. f. tinochlora have a cinnamon cast and there is more bronze on the tail feathers' tips.[5]
Distribution and habitat
[edit | edit source]The nominate subspecies of buff-tailed coronet is found from the Andes of western Venezuela's Mérida state south and west through all three Andean ranges of Colombia. B. f. tinochlora is found from southwestern Colombia south along the west slope of the Andes as far as Cotopaxi Province in central Ecuador and also in a few places on Ecuador's eastern Andean slope. The species inhabits the interior and edges of humid to wet montane forest, cloudforest, and elfin forest. It also occurs in more open shrubby landscapes. In elevation it ranges from 2,000 to 3,500 m (6,600 to 11,500 ft).[5]
Behavior
[edit | edit source]Movement
[edit | edit source]The buff-tailed coronet is sedentary.[5]
Feeding
[edit | edit source]The buff-tailed coronet is highly territorial, though it may share feeding at a flowering tree with other hummingbirds. It typically forages in the mid-story but also feeds in the canopy. Its main nectar sources are in genera Cavendishia, Palicourea, Disterigma, and Huilaea. It feeds by clinging to the flower, holding its wings open for a second or two after landing. In addition to nectar, it captures small insects by hawking from a perch.[5][6]
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B. f. tinochlora
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feeding
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near Nanegalito, Ecuador
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Breeding
[edit | edit source]Buff-tailed coronet breeding behavior has been recorded between November and March. It builds a cup nest of moss and lichen that is usually attached to a branch between 3 and 10 m (10 and 30 ft) above the ground. The female incubates the clutch of two eggs.[5]
Vocalization
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What is thought to be the buff-tailed coronet's song is "a continuous series of single high-pitched 'tsit' notes." It sometimes sings with several others of its species nearby. It also makes a "squeaky twittering, with rising piping notes and stuttering rattles," especially when interacting with other hummingbirds.[5][6]
Status
[edit | edit source]The IUCN has assessed the buff-tailed coronet as being of Least Concern, though its population size and trend are not known. No immediate threats have been identified.[1] It is considered rare to locally common in different parts of its large range. It occurs in at least one protected area in Colombia.[5]
References
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- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ HBW and BirdLife International (2020). Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International Digital Checklist of the Birds of the World Version 5. Available at: http://datazone.birdlife.org/userfiles/file/Species/Taxonomy/HBW-BirdLife_Checklist_v5_Dec20.zip (Archived 2022-04-26 at the Wayback Machine) [.xls, zipped, 1 MB]. Retrieved 27 May 2021
- ^ a b c d e f g Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (subscription required)
- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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