Black's method
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| A joint Politics and Economics series |
| Social choice and electoral systems |
|---|
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Black's method is an election method proposed by Duncan Black in 1958 as a compromise between the Condorcet method and the Borda count. This method selects a Condorcet winner. If a Condorcet winner does not exist, then the candidate with the highest Borda score is selected.[1]
Properties
[edit | edit source]Among methods satisfying the majority criterion, Black's method gives the minimum power to the majority and hence the method is best at protecting minorities.[2]
Satisfied criteria
[edit | edit source]Black's method satisfies the following criteria:
- Unrestricted domain
- Non-imposition (a.k.a. citizen sovereignty)
- Non-dictatorship
- Homogeneity
- Condorcet criterion
- Majority criterion
- Pareto criterion (a.k.a. unanimity)[3]
- Monotonicity criterion[3]
- Majority loser criterion[3]
- Condorcet loser criterion[3]
- Reversal symmetry[3]
- Resolvability criterion
- Polynomial time
Failed criteria
[edit | edit source]Black's method does not satisfy the following criteria:
- Mutual majority criterion[2]
- Smith criterion[3]
- Participation[3]
- Consistency[3]
- Independence of Smith-dominated alternatives
- Independence of clones
- Independence of irrelevant alternatives
- Local independence of irrelevant alternatives
- Sincere favorite criterion
References
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