Circaetus
| Circaetus | |
|---|---|
| |
| Short-toed snake eagle (Circaetus gallicus) | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Accipitriformes |
| Family: | Accipitridae |
| Subfamily: | Circaetinae |
| Genus: | Circaetus Vieillot, 1816 |
| Type species | |
| Falco gallicus Gmelin, 1788
| |
Circaetus, the snake eagles, is a genus of medium-sized eagles in the bird of prey family Accipitridae. They are mainly resident African species, but the migratory short-toed snake eagle breeds from the Mediterranean basin into Russia, the Middle East and India, and winters in sub-Saharan Africa and east to Indonesia.
Snake eagles are found in open habitats like cultivated plains arid savanna, but require trees in which to build a stick nest. The single egg is incubated mainly or entirely by the female.
Circaetus eagles have a rounded head and broad wings. They prey on reptiles, mainly snakes, but also take lizards and occasionally small mammals.
Taxonomy and species
[edit | edit source]The genus Circaetus was introduced in 1816 by the French ornithologist Louis Pierre Vieillot to accommodate a single species, the short-toed snake eagle, which is therefore considered the type species.[1][2] The genus name is from the Ancient Greek kirkos, a type of hawk, and aetos, "eagle".[3]
The genus contains seven species.[4]
| Image | Common name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
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Western banded snake eagle | Circaetus cinerascens | Senegal and Gambia to west Ethiopia and south to Namibia and Zimbabwe |
 |
Southern banded snake eagle | Circaetus fasciolatus | Kenya to northeast South Africa |
 |
Congo serpent eagle | Circaetus spectabilis | West and central Africa |
.jpg) |
Beaudouin's snake eagle | Circaetus beaudouini | Senegal to South Sudan, northwest Kenya and Uganda |
| File:Black-chested snake-eagle (Circaetus pectoralis).jpg | Black-chested snake eagle | Circaetus pectoralis | east Sudan and Ethiopia to South Africa |
| File:Short-toed Snake Eagle perched.jpg | Short-toed snake eagle | Circaetus gallicus | southwest Europe to central Asia, northwest China and India; Lesser Sunda Islands |
| File:Brown snake eagle, Kruger National Park (38184851511).jpg | Brown snake eagle | Circaetus cinereus | Senegal and Gambia to Ethiopia and south to South Africa |
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Fossil record
[edit | edit source]Circaetus rhodopensis (late Miocene of Bulgaria)[5]
Circaetus haemusensis (early Pleistocene of Bulgaria)[6]
References
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- ^ Boev, Z. 2012. Circaetus rhodopensis sp. n. (Aves, Accipitriformes) from the Late Miocene of Hadzhidimovo (SW Bulgaria). - Acta zoologica bulgarica, 64 (1): 5-12.
- ^ Boev, Z. 2015. An Early Pleistocene Snake-eagle (Circaetus haemusensis sp. n. - Aves, Accipitriformes) from Varshets (NW Bulgaria). – Acta zoologica bulgarica. 67 (1), 2015: 127-138.
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