Armstrong process
The Armstrong process is used to refine titanium. Its output is particle-sized dust which can be sprayed into pattern-molds.[1][2][3] It was patented in 1999.[4] The output of this process has a "coral-like morphology", which differs from the traditional outputs like "spherical gas-atomized powder, mechanically crushed angular particles, or the titanium sponge morphology created during the Kroll process."[3]
History
[edit | edit source]The Armstrong process was patented in 1999.[4]
In 2016 a paper by MacDonald et al. told that the Armstrong powder was produced directly from the reduction of Titanium tetrachloride "in a continuous liquid loop", and cost only "11-24 USD/kg",[3] or roughly an order of magnitude higher than the price of steel.[5]
Description
[edit | edit source]The reducing agent for the Armstrong process is sodium, which is liquefied and introduced in a combined stream with titanium tetrachloride.[4]
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ W.H.P. Bill, C.A. Blue, J.O. Kiggans, and J.D.K. Rivard, Powder Metallurgy and Solid State Processing of Armstrong Titanium and Titanium Alloy Powders, ITA Annual Conference 2007
- ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b c U.S. patent 5,958,106
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).