Anthropomorpha
1. Troglodyta Bontii, 2. Lucifer Aldrovandi, 3. Satyrus Tulpii, 4. Pygmaeus Edwardi
Anthropomorpha (original spelling: Antropomorpha[2]) is a defunct taxon but a former name of the order Primates.[3]
The order was established by Carl Linnaeus in the first edition of his book Systema Naturae (1735) for genera Homo (humans), Simia (monkeys and apes in general) and Bradypus (sloths).[4] The taxon is notable for the history of human taxonomy as the first to combine apes (Linnaeus' Simia) and humans under the same clade.[5]
In the 1758 edition of the same book, Linnaeus discarded this name and began to use the word Primates, which has replaced Anthropomorpha completely. A dissertation on the Anthropomorpha was published by Linnaeus' student Christian Emmanuel Hoppius in 1760.[6]
The name is no longer considered valid, as the animals that were included within Anthropomorpha are now believed to belong to multiple clades. For example, two-toed sloths were included within Anthropomorpha,[7] but are now considered to be in the family Choloepodidae, which is not closely related to the primates.[8] Comte de Buffon [year needed] correctly rejected the combination of sloths and primates within the same order.[7]
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ C. E. Hoppius, "Anthropomorpha", Amoenitates Academicae vol. 6 (1763).
- ^ Linnaeus, C.: Systema Naturae 1748
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- ^ Sven Horstadius, Linnaeus, animals and man, Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 6 (December 1974), 269–275 (p. 273).
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