Alternative flatworm mitochondrial code
The alternative flatworm mitochondrial code (translation table 14) is a genetic code found in the mitochondria of Platyhelminthes and Nematodes.
Code
[edit | edit source]AAs = FFLLSSSSYYY*CCWWLLLLPPPPHHQQRRRRIIIMTTTTNNNKSSSSVVVVAAAADDEEGGGGStarts = -----------------------------------M----------------------------Base1 = TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGBase2 = TTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGTTTTCCCCAAAAGGGGBase3 = TCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAGTCAG
Bases: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G) and thymine (T) or uracil (U).
Amino acids: Alanine (Ala, A), Arginine (Arg, R), Asparagine (Asn, N), Aspartic acid (Asp, D), Cysteine (Cys, C), Glutamic acid (Glu, E), Glutamine (Gln, Q), Glycine (Gly, G), Histidine (His, H), Isoleucine (Ile, I), Leucine (Leu, L), Lysine (Lys, K), Methionine (Met, M), Phenylalanine (Phe, F), Proline (Pro, P), Serine (Ser, S), Threonine (Thr, T), Tryptophan (Trp, W), Tyrosine (Tyr, Y), Valine (Val, V)
Differences from the standard code
[edit | edit source]| DNA codons | RNA codons | This code (14) | Standard code (1) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
AAA |
AAA |
Asn (N) |
Lys (K)
| |
AGA |
AGA |
Ser (S) |
Arg (R)
| |
AGG |
AGG |
Ser (S) |
Arg (R)
| |
TAA |
UAA |
Tyr (Y) |
STOP = Ter (*)
| |
TGA |
UGA |
Trp (W) |
STOP = Ter (*)
|
Systematic range and comments
[edit | edit source]- Platyhelminthes (flatworms) and Nematoda (roundworms).
Code 14 differs from code 9 (the echinoderm and flatworm mitochondrial code) only by translating UAA to Tyr rather than STOP. A study in 2000[1] has found no evidence that the codon UAA codes for Tyr in the flatworms but other opinions exist. There are very few GenBank records that are translated with code 14 but a test translation shows that re-translating these records with code 9 can cause premature terminations. More recently, UAA has been found to code for tyrosine in the nematodes Radopholus similis[2] and Radopholus arabocoffeae.[3]
See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain. [4]
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