Ali Amini

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Ali Amini
علی امینی
34th Prime Minister of Iran
In office
5 May 1961 – 19 July 1962
MonarchMohammad Reza Shah
Preceded byJafar Sharif-Emami
Succeeded byAsadollah Alam
Ambassador of Iran to the United States
In office
24 January 1956 – 22 May 1958
MonarchMohammad Reza Shah
Preceded byNasrollah Entezam
Succeeded byAli Gholi Ardalan
Minister of Justice
In office
7 April 1955 – 24 January 1956
Prime MinisterHossein Ala
Minister of Finance
In office
19 August 1953 – 6 April 1955
Prime MinisterFazlollah Zahedi
Preceded byNezam-ed-din Emami
Succeeded byNasrollah Jahangir
Minister of Economy
In office
5 August 1951 – 16 July 1952
Prime MinisterMohammad Mosaddegh
Preceded byShamseddin Amir-Alaei
Succeeded byBagher Kazemi
In office
23 March 1950 – 26 June 1950
Prime MinisterAli Mansur
Member of the National Consultative Assembly
In office
12 June 1947 – 28 July 1949
ConstituencyTehran
Personal details
Born12 September 1905
Tehran, Iran
Died12 December 1992(1992-12-12) (aged 87)
Paris, France
Party
Spouse
Batoul Voosough
​
​
(m. 1932; died 1992)​
Children1
Parent
RelativesMozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar (grandfather)
Vossug ed Dowleh (father-in-law)
Alma materUniversity of Grenoble
University of Paris

Ali Amini (Persian: علی امینی; 12 September 1905–12 December 1992) was an Iranian politician who was the Prime Minister of Iran from 1961 to 1962. He held several cabinet portfolios during the 1950s, and served as a member of parliament between 1947 and 1949.

Amini was widely regarded as "a protégé of the United States"[1] and a "pro-American liberal reformer".[2]

Early life and education

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Amini was born on 12 September 1905 in Tehran.[3] He was a grandson of Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar through his mother, Fakhr-ol-Dowleh.[4] His father was a significant statesman during the Qajar era, Mohsen Amin-ol-dowleh.[4]

He completed his studies first in Dar ol-fonoon and then in France where he graduated with a degree in law from Grenoble University,[5] followed by his PhD in economics from Paris. His PhD thesis was concerned with the foreign trade monopoly in Iran.[6]

Upon his return to Iran, he was employed at the Ministry of Justice by Ali-Akbar Davar.[3]

Career

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See also: Cabinet of Ali Amini

Amini was a founding member of the Democrat Party of Iran, and entered the 15th term of parliament with the party's ticket.[3] His first ministerial portfolio was in the cabinet of Ali Mansur.[3]

He served as a minister in the cabinet of Mohammad Mosaddegh, but broke away from Mosaddegh in July 1952. He was later regarded as a "traitor" by the National Front, because of his collaboration with the post-1953 Iranian coup d'état government.[5] He became minister of economic affairs in the cabinet of Fazlollah Zahedi and remained in office until 1955.[5] He was then appointed as the justice minister under Hossein Ala' in 1955.[3][7] He was named the ambassador to the US in 1956 which he held until 1958.[3][7]

His tendencies were pro-American to the extent that they made the Shah uncomfortable. Mohammad Reza Shah in particular distrusted Amini's popularity and friendship with then-senator John F. Kennedy.[6] Therefore, his tenure ended in 1958.[5]

In the 1950s, Amini was a candidate for the premiership. He was appointed prime minister in 1961. In July 1962, however, he was replaced by the Shah's close friend and a major Birjand landowner Asadollah Alam. In the late 1970s, Amini attempted a comeback into Iranian politics at the age of 70. He served as an advisor to the Shah during the final days of the Pahlavi dynasty.

Personal life

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Amini married Batoul Voosough (died 1992) in 1932 and they had a son, Iraj.[8] She was the daughter of Hasan Vosugh od-Dowleh whose brother was Ahmad Qavam.[4]

Honours

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Amini was awarded Grand Croix of the Legion of Honor in 1962.[9]

Later years and death

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In 1979 and following the Iranian Revolution, Amini moved to Paris, France. There he headed the Front for the Liberation of Iran, a monarchist opposition group.[10] He complained about internal struggles among the exiled Iranian monarchists, saying "We're not even back in Tehran [and] they quarrel over the name of the country's future prime minister."[10] He wrote his biography published by Harvard University.

He died in Paris on 12 December 1992, aged 87.[8] His body was buried in Passy Cemetery.

References

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