Coordinates: 29°6′41″N 81°17′56″E / 29.11139°N 81.29889°E / 29.11139; 81.29889

Achham District

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Achham
अछाम
District
Baidhyanath Dham
Baidhyanath Dham
Location of Achham District
Location of Achham District
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CountryNepal
ProvinceSudurpashchim Province
Established13 April 1961
(Nepali date: Baishakh 1, 2018)[1]
Admin HQ.Mangalsen
Municipality
List
Government
 • TypeCoordination committee
 • BodyDCC, Achham
Area
 • Total
1,692 km2 (653 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)[2]
 • Total
257,477
 • Density152.2/km2 (394.1/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+05:45 (NPT)
WebsiteOfficial website

Achham (Nepali: अछाम जिल्ला pronounced [ʌt͡sʰam] Audio file "Achham.ogg" not found) is a district located in Sudurpashchim province and one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. It is one of the nine districts of the province. The district, with Mangalsen as its district headquarters, covers an area of 1,692 km2 and has a population (2011) of 257,477.[2]

Etymology

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There are many cultural meaning about the naming of the district but one interesting folklore is that:

.... during Mughal era in India, most people by fear of Mughal moved to this place. That time this place was good in the production of Mangoes, so when people from North India came here, they said: "Accha Aam" (अच्छा आम) (meaning good mangoes in Hindi) and that "Accha Aam" became "Achham" later.[1]

History

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File:Old Doti.png
Old Doti District

Madan Singh Thapa was the first king of Achham in the 5th century. Achham was a part of Doti Kingdom during medieval era.[3] Nepal annexed Doti in 1790.[4] It remained part of Doti District until 1961. On 13 April 1961, Achham district carved out from Doti District and declared a separate district[1]

Geography and Climate

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Achham covers an area of 1,692 square kilometres (653 sq mi) and located at Latitude: 280°46’ North to 290°23' North and Longitude: 810°32 East to 810°35' East. 90% area of Achham is mid-hill and 10% is high-hill. The maximum elevation of the district is 3,820 metres (12,530 ft) and minimum elevation is 540 metres (1,770 ft) from the sea level. The district is surrounded by Bajura District in the North, Doti District in the West, Dailekh District in the East and Surkhet District in the South.[1]

Rivers

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The district has 31 rivers in total, the main being the Karnali, Seti, Budhiganga, Ekdi khola, Kailash Khola, Lungreligad, Pravaligad, Kashagad, Saranigad, Ardoligad, Talrawa and Barlegad.[5]

Climhiate Zone[6] Elevation Range % of Area
Upper Tropical 300 to 1,000 meters
1,000 to 3,300 ft. 		27.4%
Subtropical 1,000 to 2,000 meters
3,300 to 6,600 ft. 		58.3%
Temperate 2,000 to 3,000 meters
6,400 to 9,800 fters
9,800 to 13,100 ft. 		 1.0%

Demographics

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Historical population
Census yearPop.±% p.a.
1981 185,212—    
1991 198,188+0.68%
2001 231,285+1.56%
2011 257,477+1.08%
2021 229,816−1.13%
Source: Citypopulation[7]

At the time of the 2021 Nepal census, Achham District had a population of 228,852. 10.96% of the population is under 5 years of age. It has a literacy rate of 72.64% and a sex ratio of 1173 females per 1000 males. 99,568 (43.51%) lived in municipalities.[8]

Castes/ethnic groups in Achham district (2021)[9]
  1. Chhetri (54.6%)
  2. Kami (17.3%)
  3. Bahun (9.60%)
  4. Damai (8.41%)
  5. Thakuri (5.29%)
  6. Sarki (2.94%)
  7. Hill Janjati (1.13%)
  8. Others (0.70%)

Khas people make up a majority of the population with 99% of the population. Chhetris make up 55% of the population, while Khas Dalits make up 29% of the population. Hill Janjatis, mainly Magars, are 1% of the population.[9]

Languages of Achham district (2021)[10]
  1. Nepali (57.4%)
  2. Achhami (40.4%)
  3. Others (2.13%)

At the time of the 2021 census, 57.43% of the population spoke Nepali and 40.44% Achhami as their first language.[10] In 2011, 66.4% of the population spoke Nepali as their first language.[11]

Religion in Achham District (2021)[12]
Religion Percent
Hinduism
 
 99.14%
Buddhism
 
 0.50%
Other or not stated
 
 0.36%

Administration

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The district is administered by District Coordination Committee (Legislative), District Administration Office (Executive) and District Court (Judicial) as follows:

Administration Name of units Head
Legislative District Coordination Committee
Executive District Administration Office Mr. Bhojraj Shreshtha
Judicial District Court Mr. Navin Kumar Joshi

Administrative Divisions

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Accham is divided into total of ten local level bodies, of which four are urban and six are rural.

# Name Nepali Type Population (2011) Area (km2)
1 Mangalsen मङ्गलसेन municipality 32331 220.14
2 Kamalbazar कमलबजार municipality 23738 120.78
3 Sanfebagar साँफेबगर municipality 33788 166.71
4 Panchadewal Binayak पञ्चदेवल municipality 27485 147.75
5 Ramaroshan रामारोशन rural municipality 25,166 173.33
6 Chaurpati चौरपाटी rural municipality 25,149 182.16
7 Turmakhand तुर्माखाँद rural municipality 24,940 232.07
8 Mellekh मेल्लेख rural municipality 24,670 134.78
9 Dhakari ढँकारी rural municipality 21,562 227.88
10 Bannigadi Jayagad बान्नीगडीजैगड rural municipality 17,359 58.26

Transportation

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Achham is one of the remotest districts of Nepal. It is accessible by automobile from Kathmandu and Nepalgunj via a paved road that runs along the western border of Nepal from Dhangadhi. The unpaved road of Mid-Hill Highway through Dailakh district also traverses to Mangalsen by crossing Karnali at Rakam.[13]

Mangalsen, the district headquarters, is an eight-hour walk and a 2.5 hour drive from Sanphebagar – a town in Achham sporting a non-functional domestic airport. A bridge crosses the Budhiganga River in Sanphebagar allowing access during high water, a second bridge over the Kailash River. During 2009/2010, the government of Nepal has constructed a paved road connecting Sanphebagar to Mangalsen. The district is served by two hospitals, the government district hospital in Mangalsen and one recently opened in Bayalpata named Bayalpata Hospital that is a collaboration between the government and the non-profit organization Nyaya Health.[14]

Education

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71% of men aged five and above are literate in Achham compared to 75% at the national level, only 43% of such women in the district can read and write (against 57% across Nepal).[5]

FM radio and newspapers

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Achham Besd six FM radio and three newspapers are running now.

See also

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References

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to [[commons:Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).|Lua error in Module:WikidataIB at line 506: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).]].

Lua error in Module:Authority_control at line 153: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). The places to visit in this district are Khaptad, Achham Naini , Ramaroshan, Baidhanath, Binayak Panchadewol, Sanfebagar, Mangalsen Durbar

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