1368
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| Establishments – Disestablishments |
| Art and literature |
| 1368 in poetry |
| Gregorian calendar | 1368 MCCCLXVIII |
| Ab urbe condita | 2121 |
| Armenian calendar | 817 ԹՎ ՊԺԷ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6118 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1289–1290 |
| Bengali calendar | 774–775 |
| Berber calendar | 2318 |
| English Regnal year | 41 Edw. 3 – 42 Edw. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 1912 |
| Burmese calendar | 730 |
| Byzantine calendar | 6876–6877 |
| Chinese calendar | 丁未年 (Fire Goat) 4065 or 3858 — to — 戊申年 (Earth Monkey) 4066 or 3859 |
| Coptic calendar | 1084–1085 |
| Discordian calendar | 2534 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1360–1361 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5128–5129 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1424–1425 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1289–1290 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4468–4469 |
| Holocene calendar | 11368 |
| Igbo calendar | 368–369 |
| Iranian calendar | 746–747 |
| Islamic calendar | 769–770 |
| Japanese calendar | Jōji 7 / Ōan 1 (応安元年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1281–1282 |
| Julian calendar | 1368 MCCCLXVIII |
| Korean calendar | 3701 |
| Minguo calendar | 544 before ROC 民前544年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | −100 |
| Thai solar calendar | 1910–1911 |
| Tibetan calendar | མེ་མོ་ལུག་ལོ་ (female Fire-Sheep) 1494 or 1113 or 341 — to — ས་ཕོ་སྤྲེ་ལོ་ (male Earth-Monkey) 1495 or 1114 or 342 |
1368 (MCCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar.
Events
[edit | edit source]January–December
[edit | edit source]- January 23 – The Hongwu Emperor (Zhu Yuanzhang) establishes the Ming dynasty in China, after the disintegration of the Mongol Yuan dynasty. The new dynasty will last until 1644. The Emperor immediately orders every county magistrate to set up four granaries, and halts government taxation on books.[1]
- March 29 – Emperor Chōkei accedes to the throne of Japan.[2]
Date unknown
[edit | edit source]- The Revolt of Saint Titus against rule of the Republic of Venice in the Kingdom of Candia (island of Crete) ends in failure.[3]
- Durrës, the second-largest city in modern-day Albania (at this time known as Dyrrhachium), is captured from the Angevins by Karl Thopia, a powerful feudal prince and warlord.[4]
- Lațcu, son of Bogdan I, deposes his nephew Petru I, and becomes voivode of Moldavia. (Other sources state that Lațcu had succeeded his father Bogdan in 1367).[5]
- Timur ascends the throne of Samarkand (in modern-day Uzbekistan).[6]
- Maha Thammaracha II becomes ruler of the Sukhothai Kingdom (in modern-day northern Thailand) after the death of Maha Thammaracha I.[7]
- Work begins on the surviving Great Wall of China.[8]
- Mikhail Aleksandrovich becomes the sole ruler of Tver (in modern-day western Russia), after the death of co-ruler and rival Vasiliy Mikhailovich of Kashin.[9]
- Moscow attacks Tver, which counter-attacks with the aid of Lithuania and the Blue Horde.[10]
- The King of Norway sends the last Royal Ship from Norway to the Greenland Eastern Settlement. This event is part of both the Norse colonization of the Americas, and of the History of Greenland.
- A peace treaty is signed between Norway and the Hanseatic League.
- The Bibliothèque nationale de France (National Library of France) is founded as the Royal Library at the Louvre Palace in Paris, by Charles V of France.[11]
- Petrarch concludes writing the sequence of Italian sonnets and other poems known as Il Canzoniere.[12]
Births
[edit | edit source]- February 14 – Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1437)
- December 3 – King Charles VI of France (d. 1422)[13]
- probable
- Louis VII, Duke of Bavaria (d. 1447)
- Ida de Grey, Cambro-Norman noble (d. 1426)
- Pope Martin V (d. 1431)[14]
- Thomas Hoccleve, English poet (d. 1426)
Deaths
[edit | edit source]- March 29 – Emperor Go-Murakami of Japan (b. 1328)
- August 25 – Andrea Orcagna, Italian painter, sculptor and architect
- September 12 – Blanche of Lancaster, English duchess, spouse of John of Gaunt (b. 1345)
- October 7 – Lionel of Antwerp, 1st Duke of Clarence, son of Edward III of England (b. 1338)
- undated – Maha Thammaracha I, Thai ruler of the Sukhothai Kingdom and Buddhist philosopher (b. c.1300)
- probable – Ibn Battuta, Arabian traveler
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Langlois, John D (1988). "The Hung-wu reign, 1368–1398". In Mote, Frederick W.; Twitchett, Denis C(eds.). The Cambridge History of China Volume 7: The Ming Dynasty, 1368–1644, Part 1. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 111. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value)..
- ^ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1959). The Imperial House of Japan, p. 158.
- ^ McKee, Sally (December 1994), "The Revolt of St Tito in fourteenth-century Venetian Crete: A reassessment", Mediterranean Historical Review, 9(2): 173–204, doi:10.1080/09518969408569670
- ^ Fine 1994, pp. 372–373: "Karlo entered into close relations with Venice, which granted him Venetian citizenship and called him Prince of Albania."
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Shahane, Girish (28 December 2016). "Counterview: Taimur's actions were uniquely horrific in Indian history". Scroll.in. Archived from the original on 9 November 2017. Retrieved 28 December 2016.
- ^ Coedès, George (1968). Walter F. Vella (ed.). The Indianized States of Southeast Asia. trans.Susan Brown Cowing. University of Hawaii Press, pp. 219–220 . ISBN Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Mote, Frederick W. (1999), Imperial China: 900-1800, Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value)., p. 563.
- ^ Martin, Janet (2007). Medieval Russia: 980–1584. Second Edition. E-book. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Batūra, Romas (2013). "Algirdo žygiai į Maskvą 1368 1370, 1372". In Zikaras, Karolis (ed.). Žymiausi Lietuvos mūšiai ir karinės operacijos (in Lithuanian) (2nd ed.). Vilnius: Alio. pp. 46–49. Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value)..
- ^ David A. Hanser (2006). Architecture of France. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 115.
- ^ 'Introduction' to Canzoniere, translated by Anthony Mortimer (London: Penguin, 2002), xiv.
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).