1268

1268 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1268 MCCLXVIII
Ab urbe condita	2021
Armenian calendar	717 ԹՎ ՉԺԷ
Assyrian calendar	6018
Balinese saka calendar	1189–1190
Bengali calendar	674–675
Berber calendar	2218
English Regnal year	52 Hen. 3 – 53 Hen. 3
Buddhist calendar	1812
Burmese calendar	630
Byzantine calendar	6776–6777
Chinese calendar	丁卯年 (Fire Rabbit) 3965 or 3758     — to — 戊辰年 (Earth Dragon) 3966 or 3759
Coptic calendar	984–985
Discordian calendar	2434
Ethiopian calendar	1260–1261
Hebrew calendar	5028–5029
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1324–1325
- Shaka Samvat	1189–1190
- Kali Yuga	4368–4369
Holocene calendar	11268
Igbo calendar	268–269
Iranian calendar	646–647
Islamic calendar	666–667
Japanese calendar	Bun'ei 5 (文永５年)
Javanese calendar	1178–1179
Julian calendar	1268 MCCLXVIII
Korean calendar	3601
Minguo calendar	644 before ROC 民前644年
Nanakshahi calendar	−200
Thai solar calendar	1810–1811
Tibetan calendar	མེ་མོ་ཡོས་ལོ་ (female Fire-Hare) 1394 or 1013 or 241     — to — ས་ཕོ་འབྲུག་ལོ་ (male Earth-Dragon) 1395 or 1014 or 242

Conradin (right) is executed by Charles I of Sicily, thus extinguishing the Hohenstaufen dynasty.

Year 1268 (MCCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Julian calendar.

Events

By topic

War and politics

• February 18 – Battle of Rakvere: The Livonian Order is defeated by Dovmont of Pskov.
• April 4 – A five-year Byzantine–Venetian peace treaty is concluded between Venetian envoys and Emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos. It is ratified by the Doge of Venice Reniero Zeno on June 30.
• August 23 – Battle of Tagliacozzo: The army of Charles of Anjou defeats the Ghibellines supporters of Conradin of Hohenstaufen, marking the fall of the Hohenstaufen Family from the Imperial and Sicilian thrones, and leading to the new chapter of Angevin domination in Southern Italy.
• October 29 – Conradin, the last legitimate male heir of the Hohenstaufen Dynasty of Kings of Germany and Holy Roman Emperors, is executed, along with his companion Frederick I, Margrave of Baden, by Charles I of Sicily, a political rival and ally to the hostile Roman Catholic Church.
• King Stephen V of Hungary launches a war against Bulgaria.
• The County of Wernigerode becomes a vassal state of the Margrave of Brandenburg.
• New election procedures for the election of the doge are established in Venice, in order to reduce the influence of powerful individual families and possibly to prevent the popular Lorenzo Tiepolo from becoming elected.
• Pope Clement IV dies; the following papal election fails to choose a new pope for almost three years, precipitating the later creation of stringent rules governing the electoral procedures.

Culture

• Nicola Pisano completes the famous octagonal Gothic-style pulpit, at the Duomo di Siena.
• The carnival in Venice is first recorded.
• In France, the use of hops as the exclusive flavoring agent used in the manufacture of beer is made compulsory.
• The town of Guta is founded (currently Kolárovo, Slovakia).

By place

Asia

• May 18 – Battle of Antioch: The Principality of Antioch, a crusader state, falls to the Mamluk Sultan Baibars; his destruction of the city of Antioch is so great, as to permanently negate the city's importance.
• The Battle of Xiangyang, a 6-year battle between the Chinese Song dynasty and the Mongol forces of Kublai Khan, begins in what is today Hubei.
• Kublai Khan sends an emissary to the Kamakura shogunate of Japan, demanding an acknowledgment of suzerainty and payment of tribute; the Japanese refuse, starting a diplomatic back-and-forth, lasting until the Mongols attempt to invade in 1274.
• An earthquake in Cilicia occurs in 1268 northeast of the city of Adana. Over 60,000 people perished in the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia in southern Asia Minor.
• The Tibetan monk Drogön Chögyal Phagpa of the Sakya School completes the 'Phags-pa script, which was sponsored by Kublai Khan as a new writing system in his empire.

Births

• April/June – Philip IV of France (d. 1314)
• Saint Clare of Montefalco (d. 1308)
• Emperor Duanzong of China (d. 1278)
• Mahaut, Countess of Artois (d. 1329)
• Vedanta Desika, Indian Hindu poet and philosopher

Deaths

• May 15 – Peter II, Count of Savoy (b. 1203)
• July 7 – Reniero Zeno, Doge of Venice
• August 11 – Agnes of Faucigny, Dame ruler of Faucigny, countess consort of Savoy
• October 29
  • Conradin, Duke of Swabia (executed) (b. 1252)
  • Frederick I, Margrave of Baden (executed) (b. 1249)
• November 29 – Pope Clement IV
• December 9 – Vaišvilkas, Prince of Black Ruthenia
• date unknown
  • Barral of Baux, Grand Justiciar of Sicily
  • Henry de Bracton, English jurist