11 Parthenope

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11 Parthenope
File:11 Parthenope VLT (2021), deconvolved.pdf
Deconvolved VLT-SPHERE image of Parthenope
Discovery
Discovered byAnnibale de Gasparis
Discovery siteNaples Obs.
Discovery date11 May 1850
Designations
(11) Parthenope
Pronunciation/pɑːrˈθɛnəpi/ parth-EN-ə-pee[1]
Named after
Parthenopē
Main belt
AdjectivesParthenopean (/ˌpɑːrθənəˈpiːən/ PARTH-ə-nə-PEE-ən)
Parthenopian (/ˌpɑːrθəˈnoʊpiən/ PARTH-ə-NOH-pee-ən)[2]
SymbolFile:Parthenope symbol (bold).svg or File:Lyra symbol (bold).svg (historical)
Orbital characteristics[3]
Epoch 17.0 October 2024 (JD 2460600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc63626 days (174.20 yr)
Aphelion2.69732 AU (403.513 Gm)
Perihelion2.20942 AU (330.525 Gm)
2.45337 AU (367.019 Gm)
Eccentricity0.09943
3.84 yr (1403.6 d)
19.02 km/s
71.503°
0° 15m 23.342s / day
Inclination4.63153°
125.506°
2024-Jan-12
196.071°
Earth MOID1.197 AU (179.1 Gm)
Jupiter MOID2.54059 AU (380.067 Gm)
TJupiter3.483
Physical characteristics
Dimensions156 × 152 × 138 ± 6 km[4]
149±2 km[4]
142.887±1.008 km[3]
Flattening0.12[a]
Mass(5.5±0.4)×1018 kg[4]
6.15×1018 kg[5]
Mean density
3.20±0.27 g/cm3[4]
3.28±0.20 g/cm3[5]
Equatorial surface gravity
0.0578 m/s2
Equatorial escape velocity
0.0941 km/s
13.7204 h (0.57168 d)[3]
13.72204±0.00001 h[4]
73°[4]
312°±2°[4]
17°±4°[4]
0.187 (calculated)[4]
0.191±0.021[3]
Temperature~174 K
S-type asteroid[3]
8.68[6] to 12.16
6.73[3]
6.55[4]
0.178" to 0.057"

11 Parthenope (/pɑːrˈθɛnəpi/ parth-EN-ə-pee) is a large, bright asteroid located in the main asteroid belt.

History

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Parthenope was discovered by Annibale de Gasparis on 11 May 1850, the second of his nine asteroid discoveries. It was named after Parthenopē, one of the Sirens in Greek mythology, said to have founded the city of Naples. De Gasparis "used his utmost endeavours to realise a 'Parthenope' in the heavens, such being the name suggested by Sir John Herschel on the occasion of the discovery of Hygiea in 1849".[7] Two symbols were proposed for Parthenope: a fish and a star (encoded in Unicode 17.0 as U+1CEC4 𜻄 File:Parthenope symbol (fixed width).svg) while such symbols were still in use, and later a lyre (encoded in Unicode 17.0 as U+1F77A 🝺 File:Lyra symbol (fixed width).svg) in lists of symbols. Both are obsolete.[8][9][10]

In 1988 a search for satellites or dust orbiting this asteroid was performed using the UH88 telescope at the Mauna Kea Observatories, but the effort came up empty.[11]

Orbit

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File:11 Parthenope orbit.jpg
An orbital diagram of 11 Parthenope, with the orbits of the inner planets and Jupiter shown.

Parthenope orbits the Sun at an average distance (its semi-major axis) of 2.454 astronomical units (AU), with an orbital period of 3.845 years. Its distance from the Sun varies from 2.209 AU at its perihelion to 2.699 AU at its aphelion, indicated by its orbital eccentricity of 0.0998. Its orbit is inclined by 4.633° with respect to the ecliptic plane.[3]

Physical Characteristics

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In 2007, Baer and Chesley calculated a higher mass and density for Parthenope based on perturbations by the 90 km asteroid 17 Thetis. Baer and Chesley calculated a mass of 6.3×1018 kg with a density of 3.3 g/cm3.[12] 2008 estimates by Baer suggest a mass of 6.15×1018 kg.[5] The 1997 and 2001 estimates by Viateau and Rapaport were closer to 5×1018 kg with a density of 2.7 g/cm3.[12]

Based upon a light curve that was generated from photometric observations of Parthenope at Pulkovo Observatory, it has a rotation period of 13.722 ± 0.001 hours and varies in brightness by 0.10 ± 0.0s in magnitude. The light curve displays three maxima and minima per cycle.[13]

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ Flattening derived from the maximum aspect ratio (c/a): f=1−ca, where (c/a) = 0.88±0.05.[4]

References

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  1. ^ Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
  2. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (Subscription or participating institution membership required.), Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). (Subscription or participating institution membership required.)
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