Type 022 missile boat

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File:Type 22 PLAN FAC.svg
Drawing of Chinese Fast Attack Craft 2208 - Type-022 Houbei-Class
Class overview
NameType 022
BuildersHudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding, Shanghai
OperatorsFile:Naval ensign of China.svg People's Liberation Army Navy
Preceded by
CostEstimates vary from $14.5 million[2] over $40 million[3] up to $50 million per boat[4]
Built2004–2009
In commission2004–present
Completed60[5]
Active60 (approx.)[6]
General characteristics
Displacement224 long tons (228 t) full load[7]
Length42.6 m (139 ft 9 in)[7]
Beam12.2 m (40 ft 0 in)[7]
Draught1.5 m (4 ft 11 in)[7]
Decks1
Propulsion
  • 2 x diesel engines generating 6,865 hp (5,119 kW)[7]
  • 4 x Kamewae waterjet propulsors[7]
Speed40 knots (74 km/h; 46 mph)[7]
Complement12[7]
Sensors &
processing systems
  • Type 348 (LR66) surface search radar[7]
  • Navigation radar (I band)[7]
  • Optronic director[7]
Armament

The Type 022 (NATO designation: Houbei class) is a class of Chinese catamaran missile boat. It entered service with the People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN) in 2004.

It is sometimes called the "Type 22".[8]

Development

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In the 1980s, Chinese naval strategy shifted from coastal to offshore operations ("near-seas active defense"). By the late-1990s, the PLAN wanted fast attack craft with greater range and seakeeping. The Type 022 was likely a response to the requirement. In the early-2000s, China made an abortive attempt to purchase Tarantul-class corvettes from Russia.[1]

The Type 022 is based on AMD Marine Consulting's AMD 350 catamaran hull and developed further by Seabus International in Guangzhou; Seabus was a joint venture between AMD and China State Shipbuilding Corporation's Guangzhou Marine Engineering Corporation.[9][10]

The prototype launched from Qiuxin Shipyard in Shanghai in April 2004. Production occurred from at least six shipyards[7] before ending in 2009.[5]

In October 2025, Janes reported that Indonesia planned to acquire the Type 022.[11]

Design

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File:Houbei (Type 022) Class Fast Attack Craft.JPG
Type 022s in disruptive camouflage.

The Type 022 has a wave-piercing catamaran hull[9][10] made of aluminium.[9][12] The hull is reportedly manufactured using friction stir welding.[13] Radar cross section-reduction features are incorporated,[14][7] including a stealthy turret for the AK-630.[10]

The boat only has line of sight sensors. Longer-range fire in coordination with other units is enabled by tactical data links.[14][15]

According to a 2014 report from the U.S. Naval War College's China Maritime Studies Institute, the boat's speed and aluminium hull makes it difficult to attack with torpedoes with magnetic detonators.[16]

Later boats received a FLS-1 launcher on bridge for QW man-portable surface-to-air missile.[10]

Operational history

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Type 022s in the PLAN typically deploy in squadrons of eight.[17] During exercises, they have fired coordinated missile salvoes using third-party targeting data. Their missions may include coastal defense, ISR, and supporting offensive operations outside territorial waters.[15]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c Patch 2014, p. 2.
  2. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  3. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  4. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  5. ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  6. ^ The International Institute for Strategic Studies 2025, p. 243.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Saunders 2015, p. 151.
  8. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  9. ^ a b c Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  10. ^ a b c d Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  11. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  12. ^ Patch 2014, p. 10.
  13. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  14. ^ a b Patch 2014, p. 4.
  15. ^ a b Patch 2014, p. 7.
  16. ^ Murray 2014, p. 29.
  17. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).

Sources

[edit | edit source]
  • Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  • Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  • Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  • Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  • Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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