Tregami language
| Tregami | |
|---|---|
| Gambiri | |
| Native to | Afghanistan |
| Region | Nuristan Province, Kunar Province |
Native speakers | 3,500 (2011)[1] |
Early forms | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | trm |
| Glottolog | treg1243 |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
| File:Lang Status 40-SE.svg Tregami is classified as Severely Endangered by the UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger | |
Tregami is a Nuristani language spoken in the villages of Gambir, Kaṭâr, and Devoz in the Tregâm Valley off the lower Pech River[2] in the Watapur District of Kunar Province in Afghanistan. The area is in the Hindu Kush along the border with Pakistan. Tregami belongs to the Nuristani group of the Indo-Iranian language family. It is spoken by approximately 3,500 people (2011). Most individuals speak Pashto in addition to Tregami.[1]
Tregami is a close relative of Nuristani Kalasha, spoken in Ghaziabad District to the east, with which it has a lexical similarity of 75% to 80%.[1] Although Tregami villages are close in proximity, there is a slight difference between the dialects of Katar and Gambir.[3] The language has been influenced by the neighboring Indo-Aryan languages like Wotapuri-Katarqalai, Grangali, and by the Nuristani Katë dialects.[4]
Name
[edit | edit source]The native name is unknown. The exonym Tregâm, from Wotapuri-Katarqalai, literally means "three villages", referencing Gambir, Kaṭâr, and Devoz.
Sociolinguistic situation
[edit | edit source]Tregami is an unwritten[1] moribund language in the process of being replaced by Pashto, the predominant language of the region. Most Tregami are bilingual in Pashto, and the Tregami people don't have the resources to revive their language.
Vocabulary
[edit | edit source]Pronouns
[edit | edit source]| Person | Nominative | Accusative | Genitive | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | sg. | e | žũ | |
| pl. | âva | žâmâ | ||
| 2nd | sg. | tu | to | |
| pl. | vi | eme | imârâ | |
Numbers
[edit | edit source]- yo
- du
- tre
- čâtâ
- põč
- ṣu
- sut
- voṣṭ
- nũ
- dåš
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b c d Tregami at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription required)
- ^ Iranica Online
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
Further reading
[edit | edit source]- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
