Coordinates: 26°07′N 50°39′E / 26.12°N 50.65°E / 26.12; 50.65

Sitra

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For the South India Textile Research Association, see South India Textile Research Association. For The Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra, see SITRA.
Sitra
Native name:
سترة
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Geography
LocationPersian Gulf, Arabian Gulf
CoordinatesLua error in Module:Coordinates at line 489: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
ArchipelagoBahrain
Adjacent toPersian Gulf, Arabian Gulf
Total islands1
Major islands
  • Sitra
Area22.45 km2 (8.67 sq mi)
Length8.3 km (5.16 mi)
Width5 km (3.1 mi)
Coastline36 km (22.4 mi)
Highest elevation6 m (20 ft)
Administration
Governoratesplit between Capital Governorate and Southern Governorate
Largest settlementMarquban (pop. 20,000)
Demographics
DemonymBahraini
Population72,601 (2012)
Pop. density3,608/km2 (9345/sq mi)
Ethnic groupsBahraini, non-Bahraini
Additional information
Time zone
ISO codeBH-14

Sitra (Arabic: سترة or سِتْرَة,[1] As-Sitra),[2] also known as Sitrah[3] or Sitra Island (Arabic: جزيرة سترة Jazīrat Sitrah),[4] is an island in Bahrain situated approximately 5 km (3.1 mi) south of the capital, Manama, which is on Bahrain Island.

History

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The island of Sitra has witnessed various conflicts. One notable conflict occurred in 1782 between the local populace and a group of Bani Utbah individuals who arrived in Sitra from Zubarah seeking supplies. This confrontation resulted in casualties on both sides and led to the 1783 Bani Utbah invasion of Bahrain, which in turn led to the end of Persian rule in Bahrain.[5]

Arab Spring

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Further information: Arab Spring in Bahrain and Day of Rage (Bahrain)

During the Arab Spring in Bahrain, Sitra played a prominent role as a site of significant protests. The island became a focal point for demonstrations, with numerous citizens gathering to express their grievances. The events during this period led to widespread unrest, injuries, and fatalities among the protesters, marking a critical chapter in the island's contemporary history.

Geography

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Situated to the east of Bahrain Island in the Persian Gulf, Sitra is positioned south of Manama and Nabih Saleh. Its western coastline serves as the boundary for Tubli Bay. Historically, the island was characterized by date-palm groves and agricultural land with several freshwater springs. However, rapid urbanization and development have significantly transformed the island's landscape.

Demography

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Most of the inhabitants of the island live in nine historic villages:

There is a massive land reclamation project called East Sitra which increased the island size by 50% and became the site of a new city.[6][7]

Economy

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The island's economy used to be based on agriculture and fishing. The northern section of the island has been turned into an industrial area. Bapco oil storage reservoirs are located in the south. Sitra is also the terminus of the 42-km Dhahran-Sitra natural gas pipeline, which connects it to Dahran in Saudi Arabia.[8]

Several car and furniture showrooms also make up the new development on the island. The Sitra Club is a cultural and sports club for the island.

Today Sitra handles Bahrain's entire petroleum production. It is the location of Port of Sitra. It is also the export center for the oil fields in northeastern Saudi Arabia. [9]

Education

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Sitra is the site of many school campuses such as Al Noor International School and Indian School, Bahrain. The Applied Science University is also located here.

Transportation

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The Sitra Causeway connects the north of the island to Nabih Saleh and to Umm al Hussam (Manama) on Bahrain Island. Two small bridges on the south west of Sitra also join Bahrain Island, near the villages of Ma'ameer and Eker.

Administration

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The southern part of the island belongs to Southern Governorate and the northern part to Capital Governorate. Between 1990 and 2013 it was part of Central Governorate of Bahrain, but that has since been dissolved. Between 1920 and 1990 it was part of Sitra Municipality.

Sitra Municipality

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This was a municipality in Bahrain before they were re-organized as Governorates. The Sitra Municipality consisted of the island of Sitra and three villages close to it on the main island of Bahrain: Ma'ameer, Eker and Nuwaidrat.[10]

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  2. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  3. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  4. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  5. ^ (in Arabic) "Summary of Baharain and Baharna's history", Al Jareesh, Retrieved 4 April 2012
  6. ^ News
  7. ^ East Sitra Official site
  8. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  9. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
  10. ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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  • Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to Lua error in Module:Commons_link at line 62: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). at Wikimedia Commons

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