Samoyedic peoples
The Samoyedic peoples (sometimes Samodeic peoples)[a] are a group of closely related peoples who speak Samoyedic languages, which are part of the Uralic family. They are a linguistic, ethnic, and cultural grouping. The name derives from the obsolete term Samoyed used in Russian Empire for some of the indigenous peoples of Siberia, see Samoyedic languages#Etymology for comments of the etymology.
Peoples
[edit | edit source]Contemporary
[edit | edit source]| People | Language | Numbers[1] | Most important territory | Other traditional territories |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nenets | Nenets | 45,000 | Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug | Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug |
| Enets | Enets | 200–300 | Krasnoyarsk Krai | |
| Nganasans | Nganasan | 900–1000 | Krasnoyarsk Krai | |
| Selkups | Selkup | 3,700 | Tomsk Oblast | Krasnoyarsk Krai |
| Kamasins | Kamassian (extinct) | 20[2][b] | Krasnoyarsk Krai |
Extinct
[edit | edit source]Classification
[edit | edit source]Traditionally, Samoyedic languages and peoples have been divided into two major areal groups: Northern Samoyedic (Nenets, Yurats, Enets, Nganasans), and Southern Samoyedic (Selkups) with a further subgroup of Sayan-Samoyedic (Kamasins, Mators) named after the Sayan Mountains. This classification does not reflect linguistic relations, being purely geographical.
The most numerous of the Samoyedic peoples are the Nenets, who mainly live in two autonomous districts of Russia: Yamalo-Nenetsia and Nenetsia. Some of the Nenets and most of the Enets and Nganasans used to live in the Taymyrsky Dolgano-Nenetsky District. Most of the Selkups live in Yamalo-Nenetsia, but there is also a significant population in Tomsk Oblast.
Gallery
[edit | edit source]Historical pictures
[edit | edit source]-
Samoyed in summer dress, in 1781, by Johann Gottlieb Georgi
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Samoyed in 1781 by Johann Gottlieb Georgi
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Habit of a Samoyed woman and child in 1768, by Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche[4]
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Samoyed winter dress (before 1906)
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A reindeer herd in Kolguyev Island in 1895.
![Habit of a Samoyed woman and child in 1768, by Jean-Baptiste Chappe d'Auteroche[4]](/index.php/File:Habit_of_a_Samoyede_woman_and_child_subject_to_Russia_in_1768._Femme_Samoy%C3%A8d_(NYPL_b14140320-1638306)_(cropped).jpg){kind=link}
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Modern
[edit | edit source]-
Yenisei Samoyedes (Enets people) around a campfire (1914)
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Nganasans, 1927
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Nganasan folkloric group, 2018
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Nenets group, 1913
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Nenets family
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Nenets children, 2016
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Northern Selkups, 2012
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Kamasin family, 1925
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See also
[edit | edit source]Notes
[edit | edit source]- ^ Some ethnologists use the term 'Samodeic peoples' instead of 'Samoyedic', see Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ 0,2% of the population of Sayansky District (21 ppl) are declared as Kamasins and their descendants by the district administration in the official tourist guide (2021).
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Demoskop Weekly No 543-544
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ a b Unesco Red Book on Endangered Languages
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
External links
[edit | edit source]- Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to Lua error in Module:Commons_link at line 62: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). at Wikimedia Commons
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