The Peedee Formation is a geologic formation in North and South Carolina. A marine deposit representing an inner neritic environment,[2] named for exposures along the Great Peedee River, it preserves invertebrate (primarily belemnites, echinoderms and foraminifera) and vertebrate (primarily shark teeth, with some marine reptile remains) fossils dating to the Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian).[1]
The formation is notable for its occurrence of Belemnitella americana, known as the Pee Dee Belemnite (PDB), a long-standing standard in stable carbon isotope research. A single pterosaur femur, possibly an Azhdarchid, from the Peedee formation is one of the few pterosaur body fossils found in Eastern North America.[3]
The stratigraphy of the formation spans from the early Maastrichtian (in South Carolina)[4] to the late Maastrichtian shortly before the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event. The formation is divided into several members, including the early-mid Maastrichtian Rocky Point Member and the late Maastrichtian Island Creek Member.[2] Based on its fauna, it appears to be roughly concurrent with the Navesink Formation from New Jersey.[3]
Based on Case et al. (2017):[2]
| Genus
|
Species
|
Location
|
Member
|
Notes
|
Images
|
| Anomotodon
|
A. cf. toddi
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A goblin shark.
|
|
| Archaeolamna
|
A. kopingensis
|
Duplin County, North Carolina
|
|
An archaeolamnid mackerel shark.
|
File:Archaeolamna.jpg
|
| Cantioscyllium
|
C. cf. meyeri
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A nurse shark.
|
|
| Carcharias
|
C. cf. samhammeri
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A sand shark, related to the modern sand tiger shark.
|
File:Sandtiger shark (Duane Raver).png
|
| Cretalamna
|
C. maroccana
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A megatooth shark.
|
File:Cretalamna reconstruction.png
|
| Heterodontus
|
H. granti
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A bullhead shark.
|
File:Heterodontus japonicus.jpg
|
| "Hybodus"
|
"H." sp.
|
Duplin County, North Carolina
|
|
A hybodont shark.
|
File:Hybodus hauffianus.png
|
| Notidanodon
|
N. sp.
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A cow shark. Teeth damaged but resemble those of the widespread species N. dentatus.
|
File:Hexanchidae species - Tooth.jpg
|
| Odontaspis
|
O. aculeatus
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A sand shark.
|
File:Odontaspis ferox (Smalltooth sand tiger).gif
|
| Palaeogaleus
|
P. sp.
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A houndshark.
|
File:Palaeogaleus faujasi.jpg
|
| Plicatoscyllium
|
P. antiquum
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
|
A nurse shark.
|
|
| P. derameei
|
|
| Pseudocorax
|
P. cf. affinis
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A pseudocoracid mackerel shark.
|
File:Psuedocorax granti.jpg
|
| Scapanorhynchus
|
S. texanus
|
Duplin County, North Carolina
|
|
A goblin shark.
|
File:Scapanorhynchus sp Sahel Alma Santonian.jpg
|
| Serratolamna
|
S. serrata
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A serratolamnid mackerel shark.
|
File:Cretoxyrhinidae - Serratolamns gasfana cropped.jpg
|
| Squalicorax
|
S. kaupi
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A crow shark.
|
File:Squalicorax falcatus.jpg
|
| S. pristodontus
|
| Squalus
|
S. huntensis
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Island Creek
|
A spurdog.
|
File:Squalus acanthias.jpg
|
| Genus
|
Species
|
Location
|
Member
|
Notes
|
Images
|
| cf. Azhdarchidae indet.
|
|
East Coast Limestone Quarry
|
Rocky Point
|
A potential azhdarchid, known from a femur closely resembling that of Azhdarcho.[3]
|
|
| Genus
|
Species
|
Location
|
Member
|
Notes
|
Images
|
| Cardiaster
|
C. leonensis
|
East Coast Limestone Quarry, North Carolina
|
Rocky Point
|
A holasterid.
|
File:Cardiaster cinctus FOS 2519 - 1.JPG
|
| Catopygus
|
C. mississippiensis
|
East Coast Limestone Quarry, North Carolina
|
A cassidulid.
|
File:Catopygus laevis FOS 2269 - 3.jpeg
|
| Hardouinia
|
H. aequoria
|
Wadsworth Marl Pit, North Carolina
Niels Eddy Landing, North Carolina
East Coast Limestone Quarry, North Carolina
Myrtle Beach, South Carolina
|
A cassiduloid.
|
File:Hardouinia florealis Alabama.jpg
|
| H. kellumi
|
| H. mortonia
|
| Faujasia
|
F. chelonium
|
East Coast Limestone Quarry, North Carolina
|
A sand dollar.
|
|
| Lefortia
|
L. trojana
|
East Coast Limestone Quarry, North Carolina
|
A sand dollar.
|
|
| Linthia
|
L. variabilis
|
East Coast Limestone Quarry, North Carolina
|
A schizasterid heart urchin.
|
File:Linthia verticalis FOS 2368 - 1.jpg
|
| Porosoma
|
P. sp.
|
East Coast Limestone Quarry, North Carolina
|
A phymosomatid.
|
File:Porosoma cribrum FOS 2348 - 1.jpg
|
| Genus
|
Species
|
Location
|
Member
|
Notes
|
Images
|
| Aldebarania
|
A. arenitea
|
Martin-Marietta Castle Hayne Quarry, North Carolina
|
Rocky Point
|
An astropectinid.[6]
|
|
The Peedee Formation preserves some of the latest-occurring remains of the Roveacrinida, an extinct order of minute, pelagic crinoids.[7]
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