Protein arginine methyltransferase 5

Protein arginine N-methyltransferase 5 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRMT5 gene. PRMT5 symmetrically dimethylates H2AR3, H4R3, H3R2, and H3R8 in vivo, all of which are linked to a range of transcriptional regulatory events.

PRMT5 is a highly conserved arginine methyltransferase that translocated from the cytoplasm to the nucleus at embryonic day ~E8.5, and during preimplantation development at the ~4-cell stage.

Interactions

Protein arginine methyltransferase 5 has been shown to interact with:

• CLNS1A,
• Janus kinase 2,
• SNRPD3,
• SUPT5H,
• MEP50,
• RIOK1,
• COPR5.

PRMT5 has been shown to interact with CLNS1A, RIOK1 and COPR5 through an interface created by a shallow groove located on the TIM barrel domain of PRMT5 and the consensus sequence GQF[D/E]DA[E/D] located in the terminal regions of the adaptor proteins. The characterisation of the interactions occurring in the binding groove between PRMT5 and peptides derived from the adaptor proteins lead to development of protein-protein interaction (PPI) inhibitors, modulating binding between PRMT5 and the adaptor proteins. Furthermore, Asberry and co-workers synthesised the first-in-class small molecule inhibitor of the PPI between PRMT5 and MEP50. The PPI inhibitors complement a plethora of compounds directly suppressing the enzymatic activity of PRMT5.