Taeniophyllum
| Taeniophyllum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Taeniophyllum biocellatum | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Orchidaceae |
| Subfamily: | Epidendroideae |
| Tribe: | Vandeae |
| Subtribe: | Aeridinae |
| Genus: | Taeniophyllum Blume[1] |
| Species | |
| Diversity | |
| 240 species | |
Taeniophyllum, commonly known as ribbon roots[2] or 带叶兰属 (dai ye lan shu)[3] is a genus of about 240 species of epiphytic or lithophytic plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae. Plants in this genus are more or less leafless with a very short stem and roots that are often flat, green and photosynthetic. The flowers are small, short-lived, flat or tube-shaped and arranged on short, thin flowering stems. Orchids in this genus are found in Africa, tropical and subtropical Asia, New Guinea, Australia and some Western Pacific Islands. It is extinct in Malawi.[4]
Description
[edit | edit source]Orchids in the genus Taeniophyllum are small epiphytic or lithophytic monopodial herbs, with the leaves reduced to tiny overlapping, brownish scales. There is a short stem with spreading grey or greenish roots which are photosynthetic, mainly in the rainy season. In the absence of stomata, the photosynthetic roots will use specialized aeration cells to absorb nocturnal CO2.[5] The flowers are small, arranged on a short flowering stem and only last for about a day. The sepals and petals are either free and spread widely apart from each other or joined near the base to form a tube. The labellum sometimes has three lobes and usually has a sac-like spur.[2][3][6][7]
Taxonomy and naming
[edit | edit source]The genus Taeniophyllum was first formally described in 1825 by Carl Ludwig Blume who published the description in Bijdragen tot de Flora van Nederlandsch Indie.[8][9] The name Taeniophyllum is derived from the Ancient Greek words tainia meaning "ribbon", "fillet", "band", "stripe" or "tapeworm"[10]: 660 and phyllon meaning "leaf".[10]: 466
Distribution
[edit | edit source]Plants in this genus are found in Africa from Ghana to Zimbabwe, in tropical and subtropical Asia including India, China, Japan and Korea, in Southeast Asia including Thailand, Vietnam and Indonesia, in New Guinea, Australia and some Pacific islands including Fiji, New Caledonia and Tonga.[11]
Species
[edit | edit source]See List of Taeniophyllum species
See also
[edit | edit source]References
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- ^ Leaf-like photosynthesis discovered in the roots of a leafless orchid
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External links
[edit | edit source]- Error creating thumbnail: File missing Media related to Lua error in Module:Commons_link at line 62: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). at Wikimedia Commons
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