List of echinoderm orders

A brittle star, Ophionereis reticulata

A sea cucumber from Malaysia

Starfish exhibit a wide range of colours.

This List of echinoderm orders concerns the various classes and orders into which taxonomists categorize the roughly 7000 extant species^[1] as well as the extinct species of the exclusively marine phylum Echinodermata.

Subphylum Crinozoa

Class Crinoidea

File:Crinoid on the reef of Batu Moncho Island.JPG

Crinoid

Subclass Articulata (540 species)
- Order Bourgueticrinida
- Order Comatulida
- Order Cyrtocrinida
- Order Hyocrinida
- Order Isocrinida
- Order Millericrinida
Subclass †Flexibilia
Subclass †Camerata
Subclass †Disparida

File:Haeckel Cystoidea.jpg

Haeckel Cystoidea

Class Paracrinoidea †

No orders, 13 to 15 genera are known.

order Comarocystitida †
- ?Family Heckeritidae †
  - Heckerites †
- Family Amygdalocystitidae †
  - Achradocystites † Volborth, 1870
  - Amygdalocystites † Billings, 1854 (= Ottawacystis) (?= Billingsocystis)
  - Oklahomacystis † Parsley & Mintz, 1975 (Bassler, 1943)
  - Ovulocystites † Frest et al., 1980
- Family Comarocystitidae † Balther, 1899
  - Comarocystites † Billings, 1854
  - Implicaticystis †
  - Sinclairocystis †
order Platycystitida †
- Family Platycystitidae †
  - Canadocystis † (= Sigmacystis)
  - Platycystites †
- Family Malocystitidae †
  - Malocystites †
  - Wellerocystis †
- Family Bistomiacystitidae †
  - Bistomiacystis †

Doubtful paracrinoids:

Columbocystis
Foerstecystis
Springerocystis
Ulrichocystis
Paleocystites
Allocystites

Class Cystoidea

Class Edrioasteroidea †

File:Streptaster vorticellatus (13 mm across) from the Bellevue Formation (Upper Ordovician) at the Maysville West roadcut of northern Kentucky, USA.jpg

Streptaster vorticellatus (Edrioasteroidea)

order Edrioasterida
order Isorophida

Subphylum Asterozoa

Class Ophiuroidea (Brittle stars)

Class Asteroidea (Starfish)

Infraclass Concentricycloidea
- Peripodida
Superorder Forcipulatacea
- Brisingida
- Forcipulatida
Superorder Spinulosacea
- Spinulosida
Superorder Valvatacea
Velatida^[2]
† Calliasterellidae
† Trichasteropsida

Subphylum Echinozoa

Euthemon

No orders recognized: class is divided up into four families, Eucladiidae, Sollasiniidae, Volchoviidae, and Rhenosquamidae. The inclusion of Rhenosquamidae within Ophiocistioidea is doubtful, as the organs identified in fossils of Rhenosquamus as the characteristic "scaly podia" otherwise diagnostic of ophiocistioids may not, in fact, be such structures.

Class Helicoplacoidea †

No known orders, 2 known species, Helicoplacus curtisi and H. guthi

Subphylum Blastozoa

Class Blastoidea †

File:Haeckel Blastoidea.jpg

Blastoidea

Order Coronata †
Order Fissiculata †
Order Spiraculata †
basal Macurdablastus †

Class Eocrinoidea †

File:Gogia spiralis Robison 1965 - 41 mm.JPG

Gogia spiralis (Eocrinoidea)

Order Ascocystida †
Order Gogiida †
Order Imbricata †
Order Trachelocrinida †

Subphylum Homostelea / Homalozoa †

File:Corthurnocystis.jpg

Corthurnocystis, a Stylophora.

Class Ctenocystoidea †

order Ctenocystida †

Class Soluta †

Class Cincta †

Class Stylophora †

order Cornuta †
order Mitrata †

References

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[1]

[2]

List of echinoderm orders

Contents

Subphylum Crinozoa

Class Crinoidea

Class Paracrinoidea †

Class Cystoidea

Class Edrioasteroidea †

Subphylum Asterozoa

Class Ophiuroidea (Brittle stars)

Class Asteroidea (Starfish)

Subphylum Echinozoa

Class Echinoidea (Sea urchins)

Class Holothuroidea (Sea cucumbers)

Class Ophiocistioidea †

Class Helicoplacoidea †

Subphylum Blastozoa

Class Blastoidea †

Class Eocrinoidea †

Subphylum Homostelea / Homalozoa †

Class Ctenocystoidea †

Class Soluta †

Class Cincta †

Class Stylophora †

References

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List of echinoderm orders

Subphylum Crinozoa

Class Crinoidea

Class Paracrinoidea †

Class Cystoidea

Class Edrioasteroidea †

Subphylum Asterozoa

Class Ophiuroidea (Brittle stars)

Class Asteroidea (Starfish)

Subphylum Echinozoa

Class Echinoidea (Sea urchins)

Class Holothuroidea (Sea cucumbers)

Class Ophiocistioidea †

Class Helicoplacoidea †

Subphylum Blastozoa

Class Blastoidea †

Class Eocrinoidea †

Subphylum Homostelea / Homalozoa †

Class Ctenocystoidea †

Class Soluta †

Class Cincta †

Class Stylophora †

References

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