LEM domain-containing protein 3
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LEM domain-containing protein 3 (LEMD3), also known as MAN1, is an integral protein in the inner nuclear membrane (INM) of the nuclear envelope. It is encoded by the LEMD3 gene[1] and was first identified after it was isolated from the serum of a patient with a collagen vascular disease.[2]
Structure
[edit | edit source]The protein is 82.3 kDa and has a 40 amino acid long LEM domain located at its amino-terminal region. In its carboxyl end it has a RNA recognition motif (RRM). The LEM domain is also common to two other integral proteins of the INM: lamina-associated polypeptide 2 (LAP2) and emerin.[3]
The LEM segment enables LEMD3 to attach to the barrier-to-autointegration factor (BAF), and therefore, indirectly interact with the chromatin. LEMD3 also has several implications in regulating the cytokine family such as the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) and bone morphogenic protein (BMPs). The RRM domain in its carboxylic region attaches to the SMAD (protein) proteins, which is involved in mediating TGF-β cellular signalling. Consequently, LEMD3 indirectly regulates downstream genes.
LEMD3 seems to play an important role in regulating the expression of several fundamental genes.
LEMD3 and disease
[edit | edit source]LEMD3 has been associated with laminopathies[1] as well as osteopoikilosis.[4] Mutations in the LEMD3 gene have been linked to several genetic diseases such as osteopoikilosis, melorheostosis and Buschke–Ollendorff syndrome.
See also
[edit | edit source]Inner nuclear membrane proteins
References
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External links
[edit | edit source]- LEMD3+protein,+human at the U.S. National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)