Mongol–Langam languages
| Mongol–Langam | |
|---|---|
| West Keram River Ulmapo Kaima, Koam | |
| Geographic distribution | East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea |
| Linguistic classification | Ramu–Keram
|
| Language codes | |
| Glottolog | mong1343 |
| ELP | Lua error in Module:Endangered_Languages_Project at line 21: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value). |
The Mongol–Langam, Koam, or Ulmapo languages are a language group of Keram Rural LLG, East Sepik Province, Papua New Guinea belonging to the Ramu language family. Foley (2018) includes them within the Grass languages,[1] but they were not included in Foley (2005).[2]
The Koam languages are spoken next to the Yuat languages, but two groups are unrelated.[1]
Names
[edit | edit source]The name Koam is used by Foley (2018), while the name Ulmapo (coined from the first two letters of each of the three daughter languages) is used by Barlow (2018) and Glottolog 4.0.[3]
Languages
[edit | edit source]According to Summer Institute of Linguistics data from 2003, the member languages had the following number of speakers:
Classification
[edit | edit source]Donald Laycock (1973) noted that the Mongol–Langam languages mark nouns for pluralisation, like the Lower Sepik languages (Nor–Pondo languages) and Yuat languages, and also that the lexicon also shows many resemblances to Yuat languages, while pronouns are similar to the Grass (Keram) languages (Ramu).[7] Malcolm Ross (2005) accepts them as Ramu languages based on their pronouns.[8] With additional data from recent research, Usher confirms their position in the Keram branch of the Ramu family.[9]
Notes
[edit | edit source]- ^ a b Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ Barlow, Russell. 2018. A grammar of Ulwa. Doctoral dissertation, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa. https://scholarspace.manoa.hawaii.edu/handle/10125/62506
- ^ Lewis 2009, p. 626
- ^ Lewis 2009, p. 621
- ^ Lewis 2009, p. 643
- ^ Laycock 1973, p. 36
- ^ Ross 2005
- ^ West Keram River – NewGuineaWorld
References
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- Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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External links
[edit | edit source]- Timothy Usher, New Guinea World, Proto–West Keram River