Isaac of Ourville
Isaac of Ourville (Hebrew: יצחק מאורביל Yiṣḥaq me-Orvil, fl. late 13th century[1]) was a medieval French rabbi, author of the mostly-lost Sefer haMenahel, a book of halakha (Jewish ritual law).
Life and Time
[edit | edit source]Isaac appears to have been a contemporary of Perez of Corbeil (died c. 1297);[2] Isaac cites Moses of Coucy's Semag, from the generation before Perez, while segments of Isaac's Menahel are, in turn, cited alongside the Perez's teachings.[3] His master was Hayyim of Blois,[4] who is possibly identical with Hayyim ben Isaac the Frenchman (Hebrew: חיים בן יצחק הצרפתי), the author of Ez Hayyim on Jewish monetary law, a disciple of Samuel of Evreux.[3]
Toponym
[edit | edit source]Carmoly and others read אורביל as "Orbeil", a village in the Puy-de-Dôme department, while Gross considered this unlikely, as Orbeil probably had no Jewish population in medieval times. According to Gross, אורביל is probably Ourville (Ourville-en-Caux), Seine-Maritime, or perhaps Orville, Orne.[4] Isaac is thus sometimes named האורבלי HaOrvili (or HaOrbeli). He was confused by Samuel David Luzzato with a similarly named rabbinical authority, Isaac ben Dorbolo, after Rapoport's misinterpretation of the latter's patronymic as "d'Orbolo".[5]
Work
[edit | edit source]Most of his only known work, the halakhic Sefer HaMenahel (Hebrew: המנהל "the Guide"), is lost, but select portions have survived as follows:
- Quoted by name in the closely related pair of halakhic works, Orhot Hayyim by Aaron ben Jacob ha-Kohen and Kol Bo.[4]
- Incorporated anonymously into the halakhic decisions of Menahem Recanati.[1]
- Quoted by name in two manuscripts of commentary to the Sefer Mitzvot Katan, JTS Rab. 1033 and Bodleian Opp. 338.[1] A third manuscript of commentary to the SM"K, once held by the Collegio Rabbinico Italiano, also contained content from the Menahel,[6][7][8] but the Collegio's entire library was confiscated by the Nazis in December 1944 and has never been recovered.
- MS Paris heb. 407 f. 236r includes a list of Gershom ben Judah's bans copied out of the Menahel.
References
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