1974–75 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season

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1974–75 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season
File:1974-1975 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season summary.jpg
Season summary map
Seasonal boundaries
First system formed23 December 1974
Last system dissipated22 April 1975
Strongest storm
NameGervaise
 • Maximum winds120 km/h (75 mph)
(10-minute sustained)
 • Lowest pressure951 hPa (mbar)
Seasonal statistics
Total disturbances10
Total depressions8
Total storms6
Tropical cyclones5
Intense tropical cyclones2
Total fatalities9 total
Total damageUnknown
Related articles
South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone seasons
1972–73, 1973–74, 1974–75, 1975–76, 1976–77

The 1974–75 South-West Indian Ocean cyclone season was an average cyclone season. The season officially ran from November 1, 1974, to April 30, 1975.

Systems

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Tropical Disturbance Adele

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Tropical disturbance (MFR)
DurationDecember 23 – December 24
Peak intensityWinds not specified;

Adele existed from December 23 to December 24.

Intense Tropical Cyclone Blandine

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Intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
DurationJanuary 6 – January 12
Peak intensity175 km/h (110 mph) (10-min);
980 hPa (mbar)

Blandine existed from January 6 to January 12.

Tropical Cyclone Camille

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Tropical cyclone (MFR)
DurationJanuary 10 – January 21
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min);
995 hPa (mbar)

This system formed southeast of the Seychelles on January 7 before becoming disorganized while interacting with northern Madagascar. The system redeveloped as a hurricane-force cyclone in the northern Mozambique Channel on January 16 before moving southeast into Madagascar on January 19.[1]

Intense Tropical Cyclone Robyn–Deborah

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Intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
DurationJanuary 14 – January 24
Peak intensity185 km/h (115 mph) (10-min);
960 hPa (mbar)

This system existed from January 14 to January 24.

Tropical Depression Elsa

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Tropical depression (MFR)
DurationJanuary 25 – January 27
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (10-min);

Elsa existed from January 25 to January 27.

Tropical Disturbance Fernande

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Tropical disturbance (MFR)
Tropical depression (SSHWS)
DurationFebruary 1 – February 1
Peak intensity55 km/h (35 mph) (1-min);

This storm lasted for only 18 hours on February 1.

Intense Tropical Cyclone Gervaise

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Intense tropical cyclone (MFR)
Category 4 tropical cyclone (SSHWS)
DurationFebruary 1 – February 10
Peak intensity195 km/h (120 mph) (10-min);
951 hPa (mbar)

The origins of Cyclone Gervaise were in early February 1975 from a circular area of convection, or thunderstorms, located in the Intertropical Convergence Zone southwest of Diego Garcia in the south-west Indian Ocean. The system organized as it moved generally to the southwest, a trajectory it would maintain for several days due to a subtropical ridge to its southeast, and an area of low pressure near the Mascarene Islands. On February 2, the Mauritius Meteorological Services[a] named the storm Gervaise. Two days later, the storm attained hurricane status, or maximum sustained winds of at least 120 km/h (75 mph).[3] Late on February 5, Gervaise passed about 100 km (60 mi) southeast of St. Brandon. Continuing southwestward, the cyclone struck Mauritius on February 6, with the calm of the eye lasting for three hours. That day, the American-based Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC)[b] estimated peak winds of 130 km/h (80 mph).[4] On February 7, Gervaise passed about 130 km (80 mi) southeast of Réunion. The track shifted to the south and southeast over time, steered by a passing cold front. On February 10, Gervaise dissipated within the cold front.[3]

Gervaise first affected St. Brandon, producing wind gusts of over 100 km/h (62 mph), along with heavy rainfall. Cyclone Gervaise killed 10 people during its passage of Mauritius. Its strongest wind gusts occurred after the passage of the eye, peaking at 280 km/h (170 mph) at Mon Desert. Heavy rainfall affected the island for several days, reaching 674 mm (26.5 in) at Grosse Roche. The high winds knocked down power lines, radio transmission with Vacoas for 24 hours, and many crops. About 25% of the island's sugar cane crop was lost. The storm damaged several houses, leaving thousands homeless. The cyclone last affected Réunion, where it produced wind gusts of 180 km/h (110 mph). Gervaise also dropped heavy rainfall on the island, reaching 548 mm (21.6 in) at Plaine des Cafres.[3] It caused substantial damage to properties, vegetation and wildlife. Moored yachts around the coast were washed hundreds of yards inland in places due to the storm surge and in the Mauritian capital Port Louis, a cargo ship of ca. 10,000 tonnes was washed up on to the quay. 34 injured, 3,706 homeless.

Tropical Cyclone Helose

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Tropical cyclone (MFR)
DurationFebruary 19 – February 26
Peak intensity150 km/h (90 mph) (10-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

Helose existed from February 19 to February 26.

Severe Tropical Storm Ines

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Severe tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationMarch 9 – March 19
Peak intensity110 km/h (70 mph) (10-min);
985 hPa (mbar)

Ines existed from March 9 to March 19.

Severe Tropical Storm Junon

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Severe tropical storm (MFR)
Tropical storm (SSHWS)
DurationApril 18 – April 22
Peak intensity95 km/h (60 mph) (10-min);
1005 hPa (mbar)

Junon existed from April 18 to April 22.

Season effects

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Name Dates Peak intensity Areas affected Damage
(USD) 		Deaths Ref(s).
Category Wind speed Pressure
Norah November 1 – 4, 1974 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) Christmas Island, Cocos Island None None [5]
Adele December 23 – 24, 1974 Tropical disturbance Not specified Not specified Christmas Island, Cocos Island None None [6]
Blandine January 6 – 12, 1975 Intense tropical cyclone 175 km/h (110 mph) 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) None None None [6]
Camille January 10 – 21, 1975 Tropical cyclone 150 km/h (90 mph) 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) None None None [6]
Robyn–Deborah January 14 – 24, 1975 Intense tropical cyclone 185 km/h (115 mph) 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) None None None [6]
Elsa January 25 – 27, 1975 Tropical depression 55 km/h (35 mph) Not specified None None None [6]
Fernande February 1 – 1, 1975 Tropical disturbance 55 km/h (35 mph) Not specified None None None [6]
Gervaise February 1 – 10, 1975 Intense tropical cyclone 195 km/h (120 mph) 951 hPa (28.08 inHg) None None None [6]
Helose February 19 – 26, 1975 Tropical cyclone 150 km/h (90 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) None None None [6]
Ines March 9 – 19, 1975 Severe tropical storm 110 km/h (70 mph) 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) None None None [6]
Junon April 18 – 22, 1975 Severe tropical storm 95 km/h (60 mph) 1005 hPa (29.68 inHg) None None None [6]
Season aggregates
11 systems 195 km/h (120 mph) 951 hPa (28.08 inHg)

See also

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  • Atlantic hurricane seasons: 1974, 1975
  • Eastern Pacific hurricane seasons: 1974, 1975
  • Western Pacific typhoon seasons: 1974, 1975
  • North Indian Ocean cyclone seasons: 1974, 1975

Notes

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  1. ^ Météo-France's meteorological office in Réunion (MFR) is the official Regional Specialized Meteorological Center for the South-West Indian Ocean, tracking all tropical cyclones from the east coast of Africa to 90° E. The Mauritius Meteorological Office is responsible for naming storms in the eastern east of 55° E.[2]
  2. ^ The Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) is a joint United States Navy – United States Air Force task force that issues advisories for storms in the basin.

References

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