Lampshade spider
| Lampshade spiders | |
|---|---|
| |
| Hypochilus pococki in web | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Hypochilidae Marx, 1888 |
| Genera | |
| Diversity | |
| 2 genera, 33 species | |
| |
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Lampshade spiders, family Hypochilidae, are among the most primitive of araneomorph spiders. There are two genera and twelve species currently recognized. Like mygalomorphs, most hypochilids have two pairs of book lungs, but like araneomorphs they have intersecting fangs, with the exception of some species which have chelicerae in an angle that is neither orthognathous or labidognathous.[1] These long-legged spiders build typical "lampshade" style webs under overhangs and in caves. In the United States the fauna is primarily associated with the Appalachian, Rocky and California Mountains. Ten of the known species are found in these ranges, all in the genus Hypochilus. The genus Ectatosticta is found in China.
In one analysis, the Hypochilidae are a sister clade to the Neocribellatae, which contains all other spider species in the Araneomorphae (Coddington & Levi, 1991, p. 576). A more recent study groups them with the Haplogynae.[2]
Species
[edit | edit source]Ectatosticta Simon, 1892 – China
- Ectatosticta baima Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta baixiang Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta bajie Lin & Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta dapeng Lin & Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta davidi (Simon, 1889) – China (type species)
- Ectatosticta deltshevi Platnick & Jäger, 2009 – China
- Ectatosticta furax Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta helii Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta menyuanensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta nyingchiensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta pingwuensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta puxian Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta qingshi Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta rulai Lin & Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta shaseng Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta shennongjiaensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta songpanensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta wenshu Lin & S. Q. Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta wukong Lin & Li, 2020 – China
- Ectatosticta xuanzang Lin & Li, 2020 – China
- Ectatosticta yukuni Lin & Li, 2021 – China
- Ectatosticta zhouzhiensis Wang, Zhao, Irfan & Zhang, 2021 – China
Hypochilus Marx, 1888 – US
- Hypochilus bernardino Catley, 1994 – United States
- Hypochilus bonneti Gertsch, 1964 – United States
- Hypochilus coylei Platnick, 1987 – United States
- Hypochilus gertschi Hoffman, 1963 – United States
- Hypochilus jemez Catley, 1994 – United States
- Hypochilus kastoni Platnick, 1987 – United States
- Hypochilus petrunkevitchi Gertsch, 1958 – United States
- Hypochilus pococki Platnick, 1987 – United States
- Hypochilus sheari Platnick, 1987 – United States
- Hypochilus thorelli Marx, 1888 – United States (type species)
- Hypochilus xomote Hedin & Ciaccio, 2022 – United States
See also
[edit | edit source]References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Spiders--webs, Behavior, and Evolution
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Further reading
[edit | edit source]- Forster, R.R., Platnick, N.I. and Gray, M.R. (1987). A review of the spider superfamilies Hypochiloidea and Austrochiloidea (Araneae, Araneomorphae). Bulletin of the AMNH 185(1):1-116 Abstract - PDF (50Mb)
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External links
[edit | edit source]- Citizen science observations for Lampshade spider at iNaturalistLua error in Module:EditAtWikidata at line 29: attempt to index field 'wikibase' (a nil value).
- Arachnology Home Pages: Araneae
- Picture of Hypochilus pococki Archived 2012-02-22 at the Wayback Machine
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