Hedareb people
| File:The world's inhabitants; or, Mankind, animals, and plants; being a popular account of the races and nations of mankind, past and present, and the animals and plants inhabiting the great continents and (14598340307).jpg An illustration of "Beni Amer" men, from 1888 | |
| Regions with significant populations | |
|---|---|
| Error creating thumbnail: Eritrea 100,000[1]–202,000[2] | |
| Languages | |
| Beja, Tigre, Arabic | |
| Religion | |
| Sunni Islam | |
| Related ethnic groups | |
| other Beja and other Cushitic peoples |
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The Hedareb or T'bdawe[note 1] are a Cushitic ethnic group native to northwestern Eritrea.[3] They are a subgroup of the Beja.[4] They are more diverse than the other Eritrean ethnicities; one subgroup speaks the traditional Beja language, which belongs to the Cushitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic family, while another is more closely related to Sudanese Hadendoa. They are among the least-researched groups in Eritrea.[5]
The Hedareb people live in northwestern Eritrea and extend as far as the borders with east Sudan.[6] Nomadic or semi-nomadic pastoralists, they typically migrate seasonally with their herds of camels, goats and sheep.[3]
Language
[edit | edit source]The Hedareb speak the Beja language or Tigre language as a mother tongue.[6] In addition to their variety of Beja, known as Hedareb or T’badwe, most Hedareb people also speak at least one other language, typically for a larger group Tigre, and for a small group Arabic as well.[7]
Society
[edit | edit source]Hedareb society is hierarchical, and is traditionally organized into clans and subclans.[6] Hedarebs are a Muslim group,[5] and most are Sunni Muslims.[3] Marriages are typically arranged to maximize alliances between extended families. It is customary for the groom's family to pay a bride price of five to twelve goats, and a varying amount of money,[8] or as much as 70 camels.[9]
Sociologist Abdulkader Saleh Mohammad writes that the Hedareb have been excluded from state conceptions of Eritrean nationhood and have become a marginalized group with many members who do not feel connected to the Eritrean nation-state.[10]
Laws
[edit | edit source]As Muslim people, the Hedareb follow Sharia law in most matters.[5]
In the nineteenth century, blood feuds marked by chains of revenge killings existed among Hedareb groups; unlike those among neighboring groups, they were rarely resolved by the payment of blood money, possibly because the Hedareb had fewer trading practices.[5] Also distinctively, killing one's wife was traditionally punished by death, while killing one's children went unpunished.[5] Rape of a noblewoman by a serf was punishable by death, while rape of serfs by nobles was tolerated.[5]
See also
[edit | edit source]Notes
[edit | edit source]- ^ Hedareb, t'badwe, to-bedawye and bedawi may refer to the people or their language. Beja is an Arabic name for the language; Hedareb may be a corruption of Hadarma, "people of the Hadhramaut". See Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). and Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value). Asserts Hedareb population is 2% of the total population of 4.8 million.
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External links
[edit | edit source]- YouTube videos of traditional Hedareb dance: [1], [2]
- Eritrean Ministry of Information: Traditional Wedding Ceremonies of the Hedareb Part I Archived 2015-09-24 at the Wayback Machine and Part II Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine
Further reading
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