Sceptridium
| Sceptridium | |
|---|---|
| File:Botrychium multifidum.jpg | |
| Scientific classification Edit this classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Division: | Polypodiophyta |
| Class: | Polypodiopsida |
| Order: | Ophioglossales |
| Family: | Ophioglossaceae |
| Subfamily: | Botrychioideae |
| Genus: | Sceptridium Lyon |
| Type species | |
| Sceptridium obliquum (Muhl. ex Willdenow) Lyon
| |
| Species | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Sceptridium is a genus of seedless vascular plants in the family Ophioglossaceae,[1] closely allied to (and often included as a subgenus[2] of) the genus Botrychium (the moonworts and grapeferns). It is also closely related to the genus Botrypus (the rattlesnake fern, often treated as the subgenus Osmundopteris under Botrychium). Sceptridium species are commonly called the grape-ferns.
These plants are small with fleshy roots, and reproduce by spores shed into the air. They differ from the moonworts in having at least some sterile fronds (all fronds in Botrychium are spore-bearing), and in the fronds being bi- or tri-pinnate (Botrychium are single pinnate, or rarely bipinnate); and from Botrypus in being evergreen, or at least winter-green (Botrypus are deciduous) and having the non-spore-bearing part of the frond long-stalked (short-stalked in Botrypus).
Taxonomy
[edit | edit source]The Smith et al. classification of 2006, based on molecular phylogeny, lumped Sceptridium within Botrychium, in the Ophioglossaceae,[3] which was continued in the Christenhusz et al. classification of 2011[4] and the Christenhusz and Chase classification of 2014.[5] It is recognized as a distinct genus in Ophioglossaceae by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I).[6]
Phylogeny
[edit | edit source]Phylogeny of Sceptridium[7][8]
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Unassigned species:
- S. × argutum Sahashi
- S. australe (Brown) Lyon (parsley fern)[26][27]
- S. biforme (Col.) Lyon (fine-leaved parsley fern)[28][29]
- S. × elegans Sahashi
- S. javanicum Sahashi
- S. jenmanii (Underwood) Lyon (Alabama grape-fern)[30][31][32]
- S. × longistipitatum Sahashi
- S. × pulchrum Sahashi
- S. rugulosum (Wagner) Skoda & Holub (ternate grape-fern, St. Lawrence grape fern, rugulose grape fern)[11][33][34]
- S. × silvicola (Sahashi) Ebihara
- S. subbifoliatum (Brack.) Lyon (island grape-fern)[35][36][37]
- S. underwoodianum (Maxon) Lyon[38][39]
References
[edit | edit source]- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ subgenus Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 16 Jan 2012
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
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- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ B. schaffneri Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 04 Jan 2012
- ^ a b c d [1] MICHIGAN FLORA ONLINE. A. A. Reznicek, E. G. Voss, & B. S. Walters. February 2011. University of Michigan. Web. January 16, 2012
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ B. multifidum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Dec 2011
- ^ B. multifidum Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ B. multifidum Archived 2016-11-19 at the Wayback Machine University of Wisconsin, Cofrin Center for Biodiversity, Ferns and Fern Allies of Wisconsin. 26 Dec 2011
- ^ BotrychiumArchived 2013-03-17 at the Wayback Machine Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium, University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point 02 Jan 2012
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ B. oneidense Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
- ^ Botrychium oneidense Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 16 Jan 2012
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ B. dissectum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Dec 2011
- ^ B. dissectum Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
- ^ B. obliquum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 16 Jan 2012
- ^ B. biternatum Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ B. australe Plants for a Future 26 Dec 2011
- ^ B. biforme International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 02 Jan 2012
- ^ S. biforme International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 02 Jan 2012
- ^ B. jenmanii Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
- ^ B. jenmanii Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Dec 2011
- ^ B. alabamense Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 27 Dec 2011
- ^ B. rugulosum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Dec 2011
- ^ B. rugulosum Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium, University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point 27 Dec 2011
- ^ Lua error in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration at line 2172: attempt to index field '?' (a nil value).
- ^ B. subbifoliatum International Plant Names Index 27 Dec 2011
- ^ B. subbifoliatum ITIS taxonomy 26 Dec 2011
- ^ B. underwoodianum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 27 Dec 2011
- ^ S. underwoodianum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 27 Dec 2011
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